Hypersensitivity Responses I

Question 1

What type of hypersensitivity response occurs due to a PPD test?

Answer 1

Type IV (Delayed type hypersensitivity)

Question 2

What induces the inflammatory response associated with a PPD test?

Answer 2

Sensitized T cells.

Question 3

What type of hypersensitivity response occurs due to atopy (urticaria, asthma, allergic rhinitis)?

Answer 3

Type I (anaphylaxis)

Question 4

What type of hypersensitivity response causes anaphylactic shock?

Answer 4

Type I

Question 5

What type of hypersensitivity response is associated with hemolytic disease of the newborn?

Answer 5

Type II

Question 6

What type of hypersensitivity response is associated with transfusion reactions?

Answer 6

Type II

Question 7

What type of hypersensitivity response is associated with Goodpasture’s syndrome

Answer 7

Type II

Question 8

What types of hypersensitivity response are associated with Glomerulonephritis?

Answer 8

Type II, III

Question 9

What type of hypersensitivity response is associated with an arthus reaction?

Answer 9

Type III

Question 10

What type of hypersensitivity response is associated with serum sickness?

Answer 10

Type III

Question 11

What type of hypersensitivity response is associated with Polyarteritis nodosa?

Answer 11

Type III

Question 12

What type of hypersensitivity response is associated with SLE?

Answer 12

Type III

Question 13

What type of hypersensitivity response is associated with RA?

Answer 13

Type III

Question 14

What type of hypersensitivity response is associated with Tuberculosis?

Answer 14

Type IV

Question 15

What type of hypersensitivity response is associated with granulomatous reactions?

Answer 15

Type IV

Question 16

What type of hypersensitivity response is associated with contact dermatitis?

Answer 16

Type IV

Question 17

What condition is associated with Polyarteritis nodosa?

Answer 17

Hepatitis B.

Question 18

What reactions characterize a Type I hypersensitivity response?

Answer 18

Anaphylaxis and atopic responses (p.203)

Question 19

Describe the antigen response to a type I hypersensitivity reaction.

Answer 19

Free antigen crosslinks IgE on presensitized mast cells and basophils triggering the release of vasoactive amines that act at postcapillary venules (i.e. histamine) (p.203)

Question 20

How quickly does a type I hypersensitivity reaction occur?

Answer 20

The reaction develops rapidly/ immediately after antigen exposure due to preformed antibody (p.203)

Question 21

What do Types I, II, and III Hypersensitivity reactions all have in common?

Answer 21

They are all antibody mediated (p.203)

Question 22

What test can be used to diagnose a type I hypersensitivity reaction?

Answer 22

A skin test specific for IgE (p.203)

Question 23

Describe the antigen response to a type II hypersensitivity reaction.

Answer 23

Cytotoxic, antibody mediated response. IgM and IgG bind to a fixed antigen on an enemy cell which leads to cellular destruction (p.203)

Question 24

What are the three mechanisms responsible for generating a type II hypersensitivity reaction?

Answer 24

Opsonization (leads to phagocytosis or complement activation), complement mediated lysis, antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) usually due to NK cells (p.203)

Question 25

What test can be used to diagnose a type II hypersensitivity reaction?

Answer 25

Direct and Indirect Coombs tests (p.203)

Question 26

Describe the antigen response to a type III hypersensitivity reaction.

Answer 26

Immune complex response with antigen antibody (IgG) complexes that activate complement to attract neutrophils which release lysosomal enzymes (p.203)

Question 27

What three things are ‘stuck together’ in a type III hypersensitivity reaction?

Answer 27

Antigen-antibody-complement (p.203)