Cytokines, Interferons, Cell Surface Molecules III

Question 1

What does IFN-y activate?

Answer 1

Activates macrophages and Th1 cells (p.200)

Question 2

What does IFN-y suppress?

Answer 2

Suppresses Th2 cells (p.200)

Question 3

Name two properties if IFN-y.

Answer 3

Antiviral and antitumor properties (p.200)

Question 4

Name three functions of IL-4.

Answer 4

1.) induces differentiation into Th2 cells; 2.) Promotes growth of B cells; 3.) enhances class switching to IgE and IgG (p.200)

Question 5

Name three functions of IL-5.

Answer 5

1.) promotes differentiation of B cells; 2.) enhances class switching to IgA; 3.) stimulates growth and differentiation of eosinophils (p.200)

Question 6

Name two functions of IL-10.

Answer 6

1.) modulates the inflammatory response; 2.) Inhibits actions of activated T cells and Th1

Question 7

What two cell types secrete IL-10?

Answer 7

Th2 cells and regulatory T cells (p.200)

Question 8

What cytokine has similar actions to IL-10 and why?

Answer 8

TGF-b. Both are involved in inhibiting inflammation (p.200)

Question 9

What is an interferon?

Answer 9

A protein that places uninfected cells in an antiviral state (p.201)

Question 10

Name the three types of interferons.

Answer 10

IFN-a, IFN-b, IFN-y (p.201)

Question 11

What is the mechanism of action for interferon response to viruses?

Answer 11

Interferons induce the production of a ribonuclease that inhibits viral protein synthesis by degrading viral mRNA without degrading host mRNA. They also activate NK cells to kill virus infected cells (p.201)

Question 12

What is the specific function of a and b interferons?

Answer 12

They inhibit viral protein synthesis (p.201)

Question 13

What is the specific function of y interferons?

Answer 13

To increase MHC I and II expression and antigen presentation in all cells (p.201)

Question 14

What type of cell is the only type of cell that does not carry MHC I?

Answer 14

Mature red blood cells (p.201)

Question 15

To what does TCR bind?

Answer 15

Antigen- MHC complexes (p.201)

Question 16

In what way is CD3 related to TCR?

Answer 16

They both participate in signal transduction (p.201)

Question 17

What does CD28 bind?

Answer 17

B7 on APC (p.201)

Question 18

What class of cells express CD40 ligand?

Answer 18

Helper T cells (p.201)

Question 19

What do immunoglobulins bind?

Answer 19

Antigen (p.201)

Question 20

What is the CD receptor for EBV?

Answer 20

CD21 (p.201)

Question 21

Name four cell surface proteins expressed by B cells.

Answer 21

CD19, CD20, CD21, CD40 (p.201)

Question 22

What two cell surface proteins are carried by macrophages?

Answer 22

CD14, CD40 (p.201)

Question 23

What cell surface marker is unique for NK cells?

Answer 23

CD56 (p.201)

Question 24

What cell surface markers do NK cells have?

Answer 24

CD16 (that binds Fc of IgG), and CD56 (p.201)

Question 25

Under what conditions are T cells anergic?

Answer 25

Self reactive T cells become nonreactive without a costimulatory molecule (p.201)

Question 26

Describe the interaction between superantigens and T cell receptors.

Answer 26

Superantigens cross link the b region of the T cell receptor to the MHC class II on APCs.