Hyperplastic lesions Flashcards

1
Q

What are TWO histological features of hyperplastic lesions?

A
  • Hyperkeratosis

- Acanthosis (thickening of prickle cell layer)

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2
Q

What feature would make a lesion harder or easier to excise?

A

Pedinculated (stalk) or sessile

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3
Q

For lesions, what does papillary mean?

A

Any small growth projecting into a cavity

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4
Q

What does Verrucous mean?

A

Warty surface appearance

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5
Q

What is an epulis?

A

Lump on the gingiva (non-neoplastic)

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6
Q

Is linea alba more commonly unilateral or bilateral?

A

bilateral

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7
Q

Describe the appearance of smokers keratosis and why.

A
  • White patches on palate (hyperkeratosis) with red dots (inflamed salivary ducts)
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8
Q

Fibroepithelial hyperplasia:

  • Most common cause
  • Clinical presentation
  • Main histological feature
A
  • Mainly caused by chronic trauma
  • Exophytic growth with normal mucosa colour +/- inflammation (e.g. due to biting on the growth)
  • Reactive (due to trauma) collagen production (ie. fibrous tissue)
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9
Q

What is a fibroepithelial polyp?

A

Very localised fibroepithelial hyperplasia

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10
Q

Pyogenic granuloma:

  • Most common cause/association
  • Clinical presentation
  • Histology
  • Treatment
  • Differences to epulis
A
  • Increased incidence in puberty and pregnancy (can occur in males and females)
  • Rapidly forming red, haemorrhagic, growth with ulcerated surface. Mainly seen on interdental papillae.
  • Granulation tissue histology (essentially an atypical healing response to subgingival plaque)
  • Treatment: excision and removed of irritating factors
  • Way more rapid onset than epulis
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11
Q

Peripheral giant cell granuloma:

  • Clinical presentation
  • Histology
  • Cause
A
  • Pyogenic granuloma + bony spicules (clinically or radiographically detected)
  • Pyogenic granuloma + Giant cells + bone spicules
  • Not mediated by hormones. Trauma possible cause.
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12
Q

Calcifying fibroblastic granuloma:

  • Clinical presentation
  • Histology
A
  • Fibroepithelial hyperplasia on gums. Rapid onset, faster than epulis but slower than pyogenic granuloma. Usually smaller than 1cm.
  • Very cellular with calcifications
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13
Q

One mechanism through which Phenytoin (Dilantin) may cause gingival hyperplasia

A

Impair collagen degradation through inhibition of MMP/TIMP pathway.

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