Hyperlipidaemia Flashcards
how does hyperlipaemia occur
obese animals go into NEB and they then pack massive amounts of triglycerides into their blood, the enzyme (lipase) can’t keep up with the overproduction
List 2 physiological causes of NEB
decreased intake
increased requirements (pregnancy or lactation)
List 3 pathological causes of NEB
sepsis/SIRS (endotoxaemia)
azotaemia
dental disease
why does septic hypovolaemia make hyperlipaemia worse
endotoxins in the circulation trigger extra release of triglycerides and slow down the activity of lipoprotein lipase
how do we diagnose hyperlipaemia
blood sample - test the triglycerides
1.5-5mmol/L - start of hyperlipidaemia
>5mmol/L severe hyperlipaemia
what will you see on biochemistry in hyperlipaemic patients
hyperglycaemia +/- raised liver enzymes
why does hyperglycaemia often occur with hyperlipaemia
insulin often doesn’t work very well in these animals, so glucose can’t get into cells
How to treat hyperlipaemia
treat primary condition
provide calories in any way - enterally or parenterally
how can we enterally feed a patient
hand-grazing
NGT
how can we parenterally feed a patient
glucose infusion
PPN
TPN
why do we not want to TPN hyperlipaemic patients
TPN contains fat and we dont want to give them more fats
why do you treat hyperlipidaemic patients with glucose even though they are hyperglycaemic
IV glucose stops the body breaking down fat to produce glucose - reduces the hyperlipidaemia but worsens the hyperglycaemia - provide IV insulin as well
why is heparin used to treat hyperlipidaemia
it promotes peripheral use of triglycerides and enhances lipogenesis via stimulation of lipoprotein lipase activity
