EMS management

Question 1

Describe compenstated insulin resistance

Answer 1

Normal glucose concentrations maintained by increased insulin output (hyperinsulinaemia)

Question 2

Describe uncompensated insulin resistance

Answer 2

Glucose concentrations increasing and increased insulin concentration

Question 3

what can uncompensated insulin resistance lead to

Answer 3

pancreatic exhaustion- type 2 diabetes mellitus

Question 4

how does EMS lead to laminitis

Answer 4

Not fully understood

high insulin levels lead to alterations of the laminae

we believe hyperinsulinaemia leads to leaky vessels and vasoconstriction occurs - the laminae then increase their mitotic rate and their structure changes

Question 5

Describe how to treat EMS

Answer 5

weight loss - exercise, drugs to help weight loss)
Management of laminitis ( good farrier, diet)

Question 6

List 3 weight loss drugs that can be used in management of EMS

Answer 6

metformin
levothyroxine
ertuglifozin