Donkeys

Question 1

What should donkeys be vaccinated against

Answer 1

tetanus
equine influenza

Question 2

what is the main different on haem between donkeys and horses

Answer 2

Donkeys have Fewer RBCs, increased volume MCV - so always use donkey reference ranges

Question 3

where should you never give IM injuections in donkeys

Answer 3

pectoral muscles- very underdeveloped

Question 4

where do donkeys tend ti distribute their fat

Answer 4

more over necks, top of the ribs and over their rump

Question 5

Describe the dietary requirements of donkeys

Answer 5

barley straw best as main component of diet- as well as some grazing
add vit and min balancer if only feeding straw

Question 6

what is important to know about sole of donkeys

Answer 6

have thick sole 1cm+
so less sensitive to hoof testers

Question 7

Describe oestrus behaviours in donkeys

Answer 7

mounting
chasing other females
winking ( repeated clitoral exposure)
sort of like oestrus behaviour in cows

Question 8

Important information to remember about baby donkeys

Answer 8

gestation 11-14 m
don’t tend to wax up
usually birth overnight
Ensure foal standing in < 45 mins and suckling in < 2 hours
Full foal check and IgG as per horse

Question 9

List 2 drugs that are metabolised differently in donkeys compared to horses

Answer 9

phenylbutazone - metabolised faster in donkeys
carprofen- metabolised slower in donkeys

Question 10

List 5 common donkey conditions

Answer 10

obesity - hyperlipaemia, asinine metabolic syndrome and laminitis
white line abscess
colic and colitis
Streptococcus zooepidemicus
Sarcoids

Question 11

what occurs in hyperlipaemia in donkeys

Answer 11

if energy intake reduces or stops
energy from fat storage taken to liver
this eventually overwhelms liver and all other organs fail

Question 12

List 7 risk factors of hyperlipaemia

Answer 12

Donkeys and small pony breeds
Obesity
Weight loss
Pregnancy/lactation
Increasing age
Underlying primary disease
Stress

Question 13

List the clinical signs of hyperlipaemia

Answer 13

dullness
ileus
congested mm
cloudy/milky serum/ plasma
dry mucous covered faeces
can progress to ataxia or neuro signs
if not treated death

Question 14

How to treat hyperlipaemia

Answer 14

NGT - give the following:
warm water
rehydration salts
glucose powder
ready brek

Question 15

clinical signs of colic in donkeys

Answer 15

quiet/ dull
no interest in food
concern if behaving like a horse

Question 16

most common type of colic in donkeys

Answer 16

pelvic flexure impaction- BUT never starve a donkey (can lead to hyperlipaemia)

Question 17

how colitis presents in donkeys

Answer 17

dull
can display colic signs
pyrexia
hypoproteinaemia
RARELY have d+ (unlike horses)

Question 18

treatment of colitis in donkeys

Answer 18

analgesia key
IM omeprazole
prognosis often guarded

Question 19

What is the most isloated resp pathogen in donkeys

Answer 19

Streptococcus zooepidemicus

Question 20

signs of Streptococcus zooepidemicus

Answer 20

mucopurulent nasal discharge
usually self limiting

Question 21

signs of laminitis in donkeys

Answer 21

standing still
weight shifting
lying down

Question 22

How to manage laminitic donkey

Answer 22

low sugar diet
restrictive grazing (NEVER STARVE- LIKE ME–> HANGRY)
foot pad support
deep bedding
analgesia
ice feet

Question 23

list some predispositions of white line abscess in donkeys

Answer 23

poor hoof care
poor hoof quality
malnutrition
vitamin restricted diets

Question 24

where do donkeys tend to get sarcoids

Answer 24

genital region
ventral abdomen
face/lips
eyes

Question 25

How to treat sarcoids in donkeys

Answer 25

Treatment options as horse:
laser surgery
BCG injections
sarcoid cream
cyrotherapy

Question 26

when to castrate donkeys

Answer 26

6-18 months

Question 27

What method of castration is preferred in donkeys

Answer 27

CLOSED
due to larger repro organs and blood vessels

Question 28

List 4 potential complications of donkey catsration

Answer 28

infection
haemorrhage
peritonitis
evisceration

NO TECHNIQUE WILL ELIMIATE RISK

Question 29

Describe triple drip in donkeys

Answer 29

myolaxin (guaphenesin)
xylazine
ketamine

Question 30

what is a mule and what is a hinny

Answer 30

mule= offspring of male donkey and female horse
hinny offspring of female donkey and male horse

Question 31

what are mule and hinny foals at increased risk of

Answer 31

isoerythrolysis