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MJM > Hyoid bone > Flashcards

Hyoid bone Flashcards

1
Q

What are the infrahyoid muscles?

A
  1. Omohyoid
    - Superior belly
    - Inferior belly
  2. Sternohyoid
  3. Sternothyroid
  4. Thyrohyoid
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2
Q

What is the arterial supply for the infrahyoid muscles?

A

Superior and inferior thyroid artery

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3
Q

What is the innervation of the omohyoid muscle?

A

Anterior rami of C1-3

- Carried by a branch of the ansa cervicalis

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4
Q

What is the action of the omohyoid muscle?

A

Depresses the hyoid bone

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5
Q

What is the attachment of the superior belly of the omohyoid bone?

A
  • Attached to inferior belly by intermediate tendon (which is anchored to the clavicle by the deep cervical fascia)
  • Then ascends to attach to the hyoid bone
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6
Q

What is the attachment of the inferior belly of the hyoid bone?

A
  • Superior border of scapula
  • Runs superomedially underneath the sternocleidomastoid muscle
  • Attaches to intermediate tendon
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7
Q

What attaches the superior and inferior bellies of the omohyoid bone?

A

Intermediate tendon

- Anchored to clavicle by deep cervical fascia

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8
Q

What is the innervation of the sternohyoid muscle?

A

Anterior rami of C1-C3

- Carried by a branch of ansa cervicalis

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9
Q

What is the action of the sternohyoid bone?

A

Depresses the hyoid bone

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10
Q

Which muscles are in the superficial plane of the infrahyoid muscles?

A
  1. Omohyoid

2. Sternohyoid

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11
Q

Which muscles are in the deep plane of the suprahyoid muscles?

A
  1. Sternothyroid

2. Thyrohyoid

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12
Q

What is the attachment of the sternohyoid muscle?

A
  • Originates from sternum (manubrium) and sternoclavicular joint
  • Ascends to insert onto the hyoid bone
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13
Q

What is the innervation of the sternothyroid muscle?

A

Anterior rami of C1-C3, carried by a branch of ansa cervicalis

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14
Q

What is the action of the sternothyroid muscle?

A

Depresses the thyroid cartilage

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15
Q

What is the attachment of the sternothyroid muscle?

A

Arises from the manubrium and attaches to he thyroid cartilage

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16
Q

What is the innervation of the thyrohyoid muscle?

A

Anterior ramus of C1

- Carried within the hypoglossal nerve

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17
Q

What is the action of thyrohyoid muscle?

A

Depresses the hyoid bone

- If hyoid bone fixed, elevates the larynx

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18
Q

What is the attachment of the thyrohyoid muscle?

A
  • Arises from thyroid cartilage of larynx

- Ascends to attach to the hyoid bone

19
Q

What muscles are in the suprahyoid muscles?

A
  1. Mylohyoid
  2. Stylohyoid
  3. Digastric
    - Anterior belly
    - Posterior belly
  4. Geniohyoid
20
Q

What is the arterial supply of the suprahyoid muscles?

A

Branches of the facial artery

  • Occipital artery
  • Lingual artery
21
Q

What is the action of the stylohoid muscle?

A

Initiates a swallowing action by pulling the hyoid bone in a posterior and superior direction

22
Q

What is the attachment of the stylohyoid bone?

A
  • Arises from the styloid process of the temporal bone

- Attaches to the lateral aspect of the hyoid bone

23
Q

What is the innervation of the stylohyoid muscle?

A

Stylohyoid branch of the facial nerve

- This arises proximally to the parotid gland

24
Q

What is the action of the mylohyoid muscle?

A

Elevates the hyoid bone and the floor of the mouth

25
Q

What is the innnervation of the mylohyoid muscle?

A
  • Inferior alveolar nerve

[A branch of the mandibular nerve (which is derived from the trigeminal nerve)]

26
Q

What is the attachment of the mylohyoid muscle?

A
  • Originates from the mylohyoid line of the mandible

- Attaches onto the hyoid bone

27
Q

What is the action of the geniohyoid muscle?

A

Depresses the mandible and elevates the hyoid bone

28
Q

What is the attachment of the geniohyoid muscle?

A
  • Arises from the inferior mental spine of the mandible

- Travels inferiorly and posteriorly to attach to the hyoid bone

29
Q

What is the innervation of the geniohyoid bone?

A

C1 nerve roots that run within the hypoglossal nerve

30
Q

What is the action of the digastric muscles?

A

Depresses the mandible and elevates the hyoid bone

31
Q

What is the innervation of the anterior belly of the digastric muscles?

A

Inferior alveolar nerve

[A branch of the mandibular nerve (which is derived from the trigeminal nerve)]

32
Q

What is the attachment of the anterior belly of the digastric muscles?

A
  • Arises from the digastric fossa of the mandible

- Attaches to intermediate tendon

33
Q

What is the innervation of the posterior belly of the digastric muscles?

A

Digastric branch of the facial nerve

34
Q

What is the attachment of the posterior belly of the digastric muscles?

A
  • Arises from the mastoid process of the temporal bone

- Attaches to intermediate tendon

35
Q

How are the anterior and posterior bellies of the digastric muscle attached?

A

Intermediate tendon

- Attached to the hyoid bone via a fibrous sling

36
Q

What are the 3 ligaments that attach to the hyoid bone?

A
  1. Stylohoid ligament
  2. Thyrohyoid membrane
  3. Hyoepiglottic ligament
37
Q

What is the attachment of the stylohyoid ligament?

A

Extends from the styloid process of the temporal bone to the lesser horn of the hyoid bone

38
Q

What is the attachment of the thyrohyoid membrane?

A
  • Originates from the superior border of the thyroid cartilage
  • Attaches to the posterior surface of the hyoid bone and the greater horns
39
Q

What is the attachment of the hyoepiglottic ligament?

A

Connects the hyoid bone to the anterior aspect of the epiglottis

40
Q

Describe the structure of the hyoid bone

A
  • U shaped structure located in anterior neck
  • C3 vertebrae level
  • Lies at base of mandible
    1. Body
  • Anterior convex surface
  • Posterior concave surface
    2. Greater horn
  • Projects from each end of body in a posterior, superior and lateral direction
  • Acts as site of attachment for numerous muscles
    3. Lesser horn
  • Superior aspect of hyoid bone
  • Near origin of greater horn
  • Projects superoposteriorly (towards the styloid process of the temporal bone)
  • Stylohyoid ligament attaches to apex of lesser horn
41
Q

Which muscles relating to the oral cavity and pharynx attach to the hyoid bone?

A
  1. Middle pharyngeal constrictor
  2. Hyoglossus
  3. Genioglossus
42
Q

Which muscles relating to the suprahyoid attach to the hyoid bone?

A
  1. Geniohyoid
  2. Stylohyoid
  3. Mylohyoid
  4. Digastric
43
Q

Which muscles relating to the infrahyoid attach to the hyoid bone?

A
  1. Omohyoid
  2. Sternohyoid
  3. Thyrohyoind

MJM (31 decks)

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