Hydrophobic Signals And Control Of Transcription Flashcards

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1
Q

What are hydrophobic molecules

A

Molecules that are seemingly repelled by a mass of water also known as non polar

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2
Q

What can hydrophobic signalling molecules do

A

Can diffuse directly through the phospholipid bilayer so f membranes and so bind to intracellular receptors

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3
Q

What are intracellular receptors In hydrophobic signalling molecules

A

Transcription factors

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4
Q

What are transcription factors

A

Proteins that when bound to DNA can either stimulate or inhibit initiation of transcription

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5
Q

What are examples of hydrophobic signalling molecules

A

Steroid hormones oestrogen and testosterone

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6
Q

What do steroid hormones do

A

Bind to specific receptors in the cytosol or the nucleus

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7
Q

What does the hormone receptor complex (HRC) do

A

Moves to the nucleus where it binds to specific sites on DNA and affects gene expression

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8
Q

What do HRC bind to

A

Specific DNA sequences called HRE’s.

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9
Q

What does binding at HRE’s sites do

A

Influences the rate of transcription with each steroid hormone affecting the gene expression of many different genes

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10
Q

Why do steroid hormones not require a membrane bound receptor

A

These receptors are transcription factors

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