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HY PrEx Flashcards

1
Q

Innervates the rhomboids

A

Dorsal scapular nerve (C5)

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2
Q

Innervates the serratus anterior

A

Long thoracic nerve (C5-C7)

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3
Q

Innervates the latissimus dorsi

A

Thoracodorsal nerve (C6-C8)

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4
Q

Innervates the supinator

A

Radial nerve

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5
Q

Innervates the pronator teres

A

Median nerve

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6
Q

This portion of the median nerve usually remains spared in carpal tunnel syndrome

A

Palmar cutaneous nerve

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7
Q

Anterior interosseous syndrome vs Posterior interosseous syndrome

A

AIN
Median nerve
Weakness of flexor pollicis longus, MC
No weakness of thenar muscles

PIN
Radial nerve
Finger drop -> incomplete wrist drop

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8
Q

Nerves of the lateral cord

A

Musculocutaneous

*Lateral pectoral nerve

LML

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9
Q

Nerves of the posterior cord

A

Axillary Nerve
Radial Nerve

*Thoracodorsal

PARt

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10
Q

Innervation of

A) Supination
B) Pronation

A

A) Supination - RADIAL

B) Pronation - MEDIAN

SRAPM

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11
Q

Innervation of the flexor pollicis brevis

A

Flexor pollicis brevis

Superficial - MEDIAN

Deep - ULNAR

SM DU

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12
Q

Thenar muscles innervated by the MEDIAN nerve

A

Lumbricals 1 and 2
Opponens Pollicis Brevis
Abductor pollicis brevis
Flexor pollicis brevis, SUPERFICIAL

LOAF

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13
Q

Tomaculas on histology are seen in?

A

HNPP

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14
Q

Most common type of hereditary neuropathy?

A

CMT1A

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15
Q

“Triad” of Kearns-Sayre

A

Progressive external ophthalmoplegia
Pigmentary retinopathy
Cardiomyopathy w/ conduction block

*Onset before 20

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16
Q

Leukoencephalopathy
Rosenthal fibers

a) Alexander disease
b) Krabbe disease
c) Metachromatic leukodystrophy
d) Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease
e) Adrenoleukodystrophy

A

Alexander disease

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17
Q

GFAP gene

a) Alexander disease
b) Krabbe disease
c) Metachromatic leukodystrophy
d) Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease
e) Adrenoleukodystrophy

A

Alexander disease

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18
Q

Arysulfatase A deficiency

a) Alexander disease
b) Krabbe disease
c) Metachromatic leukodystrophy
d) Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease
e) Adrenoleukodystrophy

A

Metachromatic leukodystrophy

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19
Q

Pendular nystagmus
Genetic abnormality?

a) Alexander disease
b) Krabbe disease
c) Metachromatic leukodystrophy
d) Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease
e) Adrenoleukodystrophy

A

Pelizaeus-Merzbacher

PLP1

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20
Q

X-linked?

a) Alexander disease
b) Krabbe disease
c) Metachromatic leukodystrophy
d) Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease
e) Adrenoleukodystrophy

A

Pelizaeus-Merzbacher

X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy

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21
Q

ABCD1 gene

a) Alexander disease
b) Krabbe disease
c) Metachromatic leukodystrophy
d) Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease
e) Adrenoleukodystrophy

A

X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy

22
Q

Sparing of the U fibers

a) Alexander disease
b) Krabbe disease
c) Metachromatic leukodystrophy
d) Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease
e) Adrenoleukodystrophy

A

Metachromatic leukodystrophy

23
Q

What are

A) Wernicke

and

B) Korsakoff

syndromes?

A 
WERNICKE (NOAC)
Nystagmus
Ocular palsies (abducens, conjugate gaze)
Ataxia of gait
Confusion

KORSAKOFF
Retentive memory impaired (out of proportion to other cognitive functions0

Both 2/2 THIAMINE deficiency

[Adams]

24
Q

Match

Transcortical motor aphasia
Transcortical sensory aphasia
Wernicke aphasia
Broca aphasia

A) Left Temporoparietooccipital junction
B) Left SMA
C) Left Inferior frontal
D) Left superior temporal, posterior

A

A) Left Temporoparietooccipital junction
Transcortical sensory aphasia

B) Left SMA
Transcortical motor aphasia

C) Left Inferior frontal
Broca aphasia

D) Left superior temporal, posterior
Wernicke aphasia

25
EMG-NCV findings of inherited vs. acquired polyneuropathies?
Inherited UNIFORMLY SLOW Acquired CONDUCTION BLOCKS TEMPORAL DISPERSION
26
ABCD1 mutation? ABCA1 mutation?
ABCD1 X-Linked Adrenoleukodystrophy ABCA1 Tangier Disease
27
Palsies: | Erb vs. Klumpke
ERB Upper trunk (C5, C6) Waiter's tip KLUMPKE Lower trunk (C8, T1) Claw hand
28
EMG findings of radiation-induced neuropathy
Myokimia
29
Aphasia localization Broca Wernicke Conduction
BROCA Inferior Frontal WERNICKE Superior Temporal, posterior CONDUCTION Arcuate Fasciculus Insula
30
Aphasia localization Global Transcortical motor Transcortical sensory Anomic
GLOBAL Perisylvian TRANSCORTICAL MOTOR Supplementary Motor Cortex TRANSCORTICAL SENSORY Inferior Temporal Lobe ANOMIC Inferior Parietal Lobe Anterior Temporal
31
Core of the amnesic disorder in Korsakoff Syndrome? (Adams)
Anterograde and Retrograde amnesia
32
Which thalamic nucleus is implicated in the Korsakoff amnesic state?
Mediodorsal Nucleus
33
Where are the acute lesions in Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome usually found?
- Mammillary bodies - Thalamus, hypothalamus' periventricular regions - Periaqueductal region of the midbrain - Floor of the fourth ventricle - Superior cerebellar vermis My THalamus Prays For Some (Thiamine)
34
Which deficit in the Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome remains more or less permanent despite treatment?
Memory disorder *once established, recovery in only 20% of pts
35
Composition of the CHADSVASC score
``` CHF = 1 Hypertension = 1 Age 64 below = 0 65 - 74 = 1 75 above = 2 DM = 1 Sex = 1 Stroke/TIA/TE =2 Vascular = 1 ```
36
Name the syndrome: - uricemia - spasticity, choreoathetosis, tremor - self-mutilation (mainly lips) - gouty tophi, nephropathy Genetic transmission
Lesch-Nyhan X-linked
37
Which of the following is NOT a mitochondrial disorder? a. Kearns-Sayre b. Lesch-Nyhan c. Leber Hereditary Optic Neuropathy d. Pearson Syndrome
b. Lesch-Nyhan
38
Which trinucleotide repeat disease is x-linked?
Spinobulbar Muscular Atrophy (Kennedy's) CAG
39
Which MPS is x-linked?
MPS II - Hunter Hunter X Hunter
40
Which Glycolipidosis is X-linked? a) Fabry's b) Niemann-Pick c) Krabbe d) Metachromatic Leukodystrophy
a) Fabry's
41
Which Urea Cycle Disorder is X-linked? a) Citrullinemia b) Argininemia c) Ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency d) N-Acetylglutamate synthetase deficiency
c) Ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency
42
Which of the following is NOT X-linked? a) Menke's Disease b) Bassen-Kornzweig Disease c) Kallman's Disease d) Aicardi Syndrome e) Rett Syndrome
b) Bassen-Kornzweig Disease
43
Which Leukodystrophy is X-linked? a) Alexander disease b) Pelizaeus-Merzbacher c) Adreno Leukodystrophy d) Canavan Disease e) A & C f) B & C g) C & D
f) B & C
44
Name the genes involved in the ff leukodystrophies ``` Alexander Disease Pelizaeus Merzbacher Adrenoleukodystrophy Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Krabbe ```
Alexander Disease - GFAP Pelizaeus Merzbacher - PLP Adrenoleukodystrophy - ABCD1 Metachromatic Leukodystrophy - ARSA Krabbe - Galactocerebrosidase
45
Most common tumor of the pineal region? (Mayo)
Germinoma
46
Hereditary spinocerebellar ataxia with extrapyramidal and brainstem signs. Often seen in pts w/ Portugese-Azorean descent
Machado-Joseph-Azorean Disease | SCA3, ATXN3
47
How does SCA3 differ from MSA-C?
SCA3 - Machado-Joseph: Earlier onset Prominence of dystonia, amyoptrophy, ophthalmoplegia
48
[Congenital Myasthenic Syndromes] Episodic Apnea
Choline acetyltransferase deficiency
49
[Congenital Myasthenic Syndromes] Repetitive CMAP No response to Pyridostigmine
End-plate AChE deficiency
50
[Congenital Myasthenic Syndromes] Joint contractures, weakness precipitated by infection
Rapsyn deficiency
51
[Congenital Myasthenic Syndromes] Repetitive CMAP Cervical, wrist, digit extensor weakness Responds to quinine, quinidine, fluoxetine
Slow channel

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