hw review

Question 1

The study of diseases that can cause abnormalities in the structure or function of various organ systems is ____________

Answer 1

pathology

Question 2

The measurable characteristics the patient exhibits as a result of the disease process are referred to as _________

Answer 2

signs

Question 3

The characteristics that the patient feels and describes as his/her condition as a result of a disease process are ________

Answer 3

symptoms

Question 4

The study of neoplasms, also known as tumors, is ________

Answer 4

oncology

Question 5

A(n) __________ is the result of encapsulation of a pyogenic infection

Answer 5

abscess

Question 6

In some cases the underlying cause is unknown, and this type of disease is termed _________

Answer 6

idiopathic

Question 7

Malignant neoplasms of epithelial origin are called _________

Answer 7

carcinomas

Question 8

_______ is assessing tumor aggressiveness (biologic behavior) or degree of malignancy

Answer 8

grading

Question 9

________ describes extensiveness of the tumor at the primary site and the presence or absence of metastases

Answer 9

staging

Question 10

The rate that an illnesses or abnormality occurs is __________

Answer 10

morbidity

Question 11

Imaging in ultrasound relies on a(n)

Answer 11

transducer to receive and send sound waves

Question 12

air and bone are _________ in ultrasound

Answer 12

acoustic barriers

Question 13

The CT number represents the

Answer 13

attenuation of specific tissue relative to water

Question 14

the modality of choice for the spine and central nervous system is

Answer 14

MRI

Question 15

tissue suppression in MRI

Answer 15

-creates a greater difference in tissue contrast
-is used in the neck, abdomen, and pelvis
-helps to differentiate tumor from normal tissue when the tissues are close in consistency

Question 16

Gamma radiation detected by a gamma camera is emitted by

Answer 16

radiopharmaceuticals

Question 17

The modality that best demonstrates treatment results and is the most effective to illustrate recurring tumor growth is

Answer 17

PET

Question 18

the most commonly used pulse sequences in MRI are termed

Answer 18

spin echo

Question 19

Diagnostic mammography imaging involves what series of projections?

Answer 19

craniocaudal, mediolateral oblique, and mediolateral images

Question 20

In SPECT, the device that detects the radiation emitted from the patient is the

Answer 20

gamma camera

Question 21

A crippling and debilitating condition resulting from trapped air causing a loss of elasticity in the alveoli is called

Answer 21

emphysema

Question 22

An air/fluid level within an encapsulated, opaque mass is seen on a chest radiograph. What respiratory disease demonstrates this characteristic?

Answer 22

lung abscess

Question 23

croup is a ______ infection of the __________ region of the trachea

Answer 23

viral, subglottic

Question 24

Rod-shaped bacteria that have a waxy coat permitting existence outside the host for long periods cause

Answer 24

TB

Question 25

What is a common result of an endotracheal tube that is positioned too low and into the right main stem bronchus?

Answer 25

left lung atelectasis

Question 26

Thrombi that develop in the deep venous system of the lower extremity and are trapped in the lung circulation are:

Answer 26

pulmonary emboli

Question 27

Stomach, thyroid, and pancreas carcinomas metastasize to the lung by

Answer 27

lymphangitic spread

Question 28

The Ghon lesion is an image characteristic of

Answer 28

TB

Question 29

What type of internal device is used for chemotherapy and long-term venous access

Answer 29

PICC line (peripherally inserted central catheter)

Question 30

The hereditary disease process characterized by the excretion of viscous mucus blocking the air passages is

Answer 30

cystic fibrosis

Question 31

A classic sunburst pattern of bony spicules that extend in a radiating fashion is a characteristic radiographic appearance of:

Answer 31

osteogenic sarcomas

Question 32

A fracture usually caused by falling on an outstretched hand resulting in posterior displacement of the distal fragment of the radius is a:

Answer 32

Colles fracture

Question 33

Blood levels with an increased uric acid leading to deposits of crystals in the joints and cartilage is:

Answer 33

gout

Question 34

For brittle bone disease, the radiographer should:

Answer 34

decrease exposure factors

Question 35

Insufficient mineralization of the adult skeleton appearing, as a loss of bone density, is:

Answer 35

osteomalacia

Question 36

tumor grows parallel to the bone and points away from the adjacent joint. Which common benign bone tumor is this referring to?

Answer 36

osteochondroma

Question 37

The classic radiographic appearance of multiple punched-out osteolytic lesions scattered throughout the skeletal system is suggestive of

Answer 37

multiple myeloma

Question 38

The most common form of dwarfism, caused by decreased enchondral bone formation, is

Answer 38

achondroplasia

Question 39

To demonstrate degenerative knee joint narrowing most accurately requires the image to be:

Answer 39

weight-bearing standing AP and lateral.

Question 40

Which type of cell is associated with bone formation and resorption?

Answer 40

osteoclastic

Question 41

An esophageal image demonstrates an irregular, narrowed lumen. The patient presented with dysphagis and weight loss, which are symptoms of esophageal __________

Answer 41

carcinoma

Question 42

Which portion of the small intestine is the shortest?

Answer 42

duodenum

Question 43

What is a complication of intussusception?

Answer 43

ischemia

Question 44

Acquired tracheoesophageal (TE) fistulas are commonly caused by:

Answer 44

malignancy in the mediastinum

Question 45

Which imaging modality is used to stage esophageal carcinoma?

Answer 45

CT

Question 46

What is intussusception?

Answer 46

The telescoping of one part of the intestinal tract into another

Question 47

Which imaging modality is the gold standard for appendicitis?

Answer 47

CT

Question 48

dilated veins in the walls of the esophagus are termed

Answer 48

varices

Question 49

What is the most common cause of acute pancreatitis?

Answer 49

Excessive alcohol consumption

Question 50

Which of the following technical adjustments is required when imaging a patient with known obstruction of the large bowel?

Answer 50

decrease in kVp

Question 51

The kidney's position in relation to the psoas muscle on radiographs appears elongated or foreshortened in cases in which the kidney has __________.

Answer 51

rotated

Question 52

The spread of __________ to the renal pyramid causes and ulcerative, destructive process with irregularity and enlargement of the calyces.

Answer 52

TB

Question 53

Ultrasound demonstrates the lower poles of the kidney fused, resulting in a _____________ ____________.

Answer 53

horseshoe kidney

Question 54

Non-contrast computed tomography (CT) is the safest method to demonstrate ________ _________.

Answer 54

kidney stones

Question 55

The triad of symptoms in renal carcinoma consists of _________, ___________, and ____________.

Answer 55

hematuria, flank pain, a palpable abdominal mass

Question 56

muscular structure on the posterior aspect of the bladder

Answer 56

trigone

Question 57

a third kidney

Answer 57

supernumerary kidney

Question 58

most common renal neoplasm, known as a hypernephroma

Answer 58

renal carcinoma

Question 59

this condition results in a condition called uremia, an accumulation of excessive blood levels of urea and creatinine

Answer 59

chronic renal failure

Question 60

cystic dilation of the distal ureter

Answer 60

ureterocele

Question 61

tuft of capillaries with very thin walls and a large surface area

Answer 61

glomerulus

Question 62

cup-shaped top of a nephron that surrounds the glomerulus

Answer 62

Bowman's capsule

Question 63

fluid filled unilocular mass in the kidneys

Answer 63

renal cyst