Hunger and Satiety Flashcards
CNS hunger centers
arcuate nucleus of hypothalamus
satiety - VMN, PVN
hunger - lateral hypothalamus
inhibitory pathway
POMC/CART pathway
aka melanocortin
anorexigenic
stimulatory pathway
AGRP/neuropeptide Y pathway
aka NPY pathway
orexigenic
MC4 receptors
mutation linked to obesity
-involved in inhibitory pathway
stimulation of inhibitory pathway
insulin, leptin, CCK
AgRP
MC4 receptor antagonist
stimulation of stimulatory pathway
ghrelin
vagal control
vagal afferents signal satiety and decreased feeding
insulin
decreases appetite
type I diabetics - don;t have this, increased food intake
leptin
from adipose tissue
-stimulate melanocortin pathway and inhibit NPY pathway
inhibit feeding and stimulate energy usage
obesity
leptin resistance
CCK
from duodenal mucosa with lots of fat
inhibit feeding (vagal CCK1 receptors) inhibit gastric empyting
peptide YY
released from L cells in ileum and colon
inhibit gastric emptying and seretion
promote satiety
inhibit NPY and activate POMC
ghrelin
from oxyntic cells of stomach in response to fasting
increase appetite
stimulate NPY
GLP-1
inhibit food intake
OXM
inhibit food intake
PP
inhibit food intake
childhood obesity
mutation of MC4 receptor
leptin and obesity
high levels and resistance
PYY and obesity
low serum levels
ghrelin and obesity
low in obesity - does not drive hunger
increases after dieting
decreases after gastric bypass
serotonin and NE reuptake inhibitors
for obesity
increase feeling of satiety
bariartic surgery
jejunoileal bypass
gastric pouch
lap band
