Humerus, Radius, Ulna Flashcards

1
Q

Proximal articulation of the humerus

A

glenoid cavity of the scapula to form the shoulder joint or glenohumeral joint

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2
Q

Distal articulation of the humerus

A

1) head of the radius
2) trochlear notch of the ulna

forms the elbow joint with the forearm bones

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3
Q

3 main regions of the humerus

A

1) proximal extremity
2) body or shaft
3) distal extremity

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4
Q

Proximal extremity structures

A
  • head
  • greater tubercle
  • lesser tubercle
  • anatomical neck
  • surgical neck
  • intertubercular (bicipital groove)
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5
Q

Articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula to form the glenohumeral joint in the shoulder joint complex

A

head of the humerus

oriented medially superiorlly and slightly posteriorly

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6
Q

What are the important relations of the surgical neck?

A
  • axillary nerve
  • anterior and posterior circumflex humeral vessels
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7
Q

Forms the interface between the proximal extremity and the shaft of the humerus

Fractures here are common

A

surgical neck of the humerus

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8
Q

What structure does the intertubercular (bicipital) groove house?

deep groove on the anterior surface of the humerus separating the greater and lesser tubercles

A

tendon of the long head of the biceps brachii muscles

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9
Q

Structures found in the body/shaft of the humerus

A
  • deltoid tuberosity
  • radial groove or spiral groove
  • medial supracondylar ridge
  • lateral supracondlylar ridge
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10
Q

What attaches to the deltoid tuberosity

A

deltoid muscle

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11
Q

What structures lie in the spiral groove?

A
  • radial nerve
  • profunda brachii vessels
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12
Q

Structures found in the distal extremity

A
  • lateral epicondyle
  • medial epicondyle
  • capitulum
  • trochlea
  • coronoid fossa
  • radial fossa
  • olecranon fossa
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13
Q

What attaches to the lateral epicondyle of the humerus?

A

common extensor tendon

Inflammation of this tendon is termed: “lateral epicondylitis” or tennis elbow

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14
Q

What crosses the posterior surface of the medial epicondyle

A

ulnar nerve

in the shallow ulnar sulcus

stimulation of this nerve can elicit a “funny bone” response ehere tingling densations in the medial border of the hand and fifth digit is experienced

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15
Q

What articulates with the head of the radius

A

Capitulum

forms the humeroradial joint

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16
Q

What part of the humerus articulates with the trochlear notch of the ulna

A

trochlea

humeroulnar (hinge) joint

17
Q

Receives the coronoid process of the ulna when the elbow is fully flexed

A

coronoid fossa

18
Q

Receives the margin of the head of the radius when the elbow is fully flexed

A

radial fossa

19
Q

Holds the apex of the olecranon process of the ulna when the elbow is extended

A

olecranon fossa

20
Q

Bone at the lateral side of the forearm

A

radius

21
Q

Distal articulation of the radius

A
  • head of the ulna
  • scaphoid and lunate bones of the wrists
22
Q

Structures of the radius

A
  • head
  • neck
  • radial tuberosity
  • body (shaft)
  • interosseous border
  • ulnar notch
  • styloid process
  • carpal articular surface
23
Q

(True/False)

The head of the radius is at the proximal end while the head of the ulna is at the distal end

A

True

24
Q

What muscle inserts at the radial tuberosity

A

biceps brachii muscle

25
Q

What binds together the radius and the ulna

A

Interosseous membrane

26
Q

Articular surface for the head of the ulna

A

ulnar notch

27
Q

What articulates to the carpal articular surface

A
  • scaphoid (laterally)
  • lunate (medially)
28
Q

What side can you find the ulna

A

medial side of the forearm

29
Q

Distal articulation of the ulna

A

ulnar notch of the radius

30
Q

Structures of the ulna

A
  • olecranon
  • coronoid process
  • trochlear notch
  • radial notch
  • ulnar tuberosity
  • body (shaft)
  • head
  • styloid process
31
Q

Forms the head of the elbow

A

olecranon

32
Q

What muscle inserts at the olecranon

A

triceps brachii

33
Q

Monteggia’s Fracture

A
  • fracture to proximal 1/3 of the ulna
  • ant. Dislocation of radial head
34
Q

Galeazi’s fracture

A
  • fracture of the distal 1/3 of the radius
  • subluxation of ulnar head at wrist point
35
Q

Colle’s fracture

A
  • fracture of distal 1/3 of radius
  • posterior displacement of distal radius
36
Q

Smith’s fracture

A

Reverse Colle’s fracture

  • fracture of distal 1/3 of radius
  • volar displacement of the distal radius