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Gross Anatomy - Snell's > Arm, Cubetal Fossa, Forearm > Flashcards

Arm, Cubetal Fossa, Forearm Flashcards

1
Q

Proximal segment of the upper limb from the shoulder to the elbow

A

upper arm
arm
brachium

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2
Q

The upper arm is divided into what two compartments:

A

1) anterior osseofascial compartment
2) posterior osseofascial compartment

Compartments are divided by a sheath of deep fascia extending inwards to form 2 fascial intermuscular septa:
* medial intermuscular septum
* lateral intermuscular septum

Septa are attached to the medial and lateral supracondylar ridges of the humerus respectively

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3
Q

Contents of the Anterior Arm Osseofascial Compartment

Muscles - Motor Nerve Supply - Blood Supply

A

Muscles
* biceps brachii
* coracobrachialis
* brachialis

Motor Nerve Supply: Musculocutaneous nerve
Blood Supply: Brachial artery

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4
Q

Contents of the Posterior Arm Osseofascial Compartment

Muscles - Motor Nerve Supply - Blood Supply

A

Muscles: Triceps brachii
Motor Nerve Supply: Radial nerve

Blood Supply:
* Profunda brachii artery
* Ulnar collateral arteries

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5
Q

Contents of Arm Osseofascial Compartments

Memorize

A
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6
Q

Structures passing through Anterior Osseofascial Compartment

A
  • musculocutaneous nerve
  • median nerve
  • ulnar nerve
  • brachial artery
  • basilic vein
  • radial nerve - at the lower part of the compartment
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7
Q

Structures Passing through Posterior Osseofascial Compartment

A
  • radial nerve
  • ulnar nerve
  • profunda brachii vessels
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8
Q

What is the arterial blood supply of the biceps brachii?

A

Brachial artery

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9
Q

What is the innervation of the anterior compartment of the arm

A

Musculocutaneous nerve

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10
Q

What occurs as a result of the action of the unopposed flexor muscles of the wrist and the inability to hold the wrist in extension against gravity?

A

Wrist drop

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11
Q

What structure is involved in wrist drop

A

Radial nerve

supplies all the muscles in the posterior compartments of the arm and forearm - triceps, anconeus, and long extensors of the wrist

Can be injured in the axilla or by fractures of the humerus

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12
Q

Area connecting the arm and the forearm

A

elbow

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13
Q

Triangular depression that lies in the anterior aspect of the elbow

A

cubital fossa

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14
Q

Cubital Fossa Boundaries

A
  • Laterally: brachioradialis muscle
  • Medially: Pronator teres muscle
  • Base: imaginary line between the 2 epicondyles of the humerus forming the base of the triangle
  • Floor: supinator muscle laterally; brachialis muscle medially
  • Roof: skin, fascia, and bicipital aponeurosis
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15
Q

Cubita Fossa Contents

A

(medial to lateral)
* median nerve
* bifurcation of the brachial artery - ulnar and radial artery
* tendon of the biceps muscle
* radial nerve and its deep branch

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16
Q

Segment of the upper limb from the elbow to the wrist

A

forearm
lower arm
antebrachium

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17
Q

A strong ligamentous band that unites the shafts of the radius and the ulna and also provides additional surface area for the attachments of the neighboring muscles of the forearm

A

interosseous membrane

18
Q

Structures that divide the forearm into compartments

A
  • deep fascia
  • interosseous membrane
  • fibrous intermuscular septa
19
Q

The forearm is divided into how many compartments

A

3 compartments:
* posterior
* anterior
* lateral

20
Q

Contents of Forearm Osseofascial Compartments

Memorize

A
21
Q

(1) Anterior compartment arm muscle general movement

(2) Posterior compartment arm muscle general movement

A

(1) flexors

(2) extensors

Arm muscles influence the shoulder and/or elbow joints

22
Q

Powerful flexor of the elbow joint and supinator
+ Weak flexor of the shoulder joint

A

Biceps Brachii

23
Q

Forearm muscles influence the elbow, wrist, and digits
1) anterior compartment forearm muscles general movement
2) lateral and posterior compartment forearm muscles

A

1) flexion or pronation
2) extension or supination

24
Q

Nerve supply of the forearm muscles in the:
1) anterior compartment
2) lateral and posterior compartment

A

1) median and ulnar nerve
2) radial nerve

25
Q

Anterior Forearm Muscles

Memorize

A
26
Q

Lateral Forearm Muscles

Memorize

A
27
Q

Posterior Forearm Muscles

Memorize

A
28
Q

Extensor of the Elbows

A

Triceps Brachii

29
Q

Major structures that pass between the arm and forearm traverse anterior to the cubital fossa except for ()

A

Ulnar nerve which passes posterior to the medial epicondyle

30
Q

Structures going from forearm to hand pass anterior the carpal tunnel except for ()

A

The radial artery that pass dorsally around the wrist to enter the hand

31
Q

(True/False)

Radius is proximally small and large distally while ulna is proximally broad and distally small

A

True

32
Q

Common tendon of origin for the posterior forearm muscles - superficial group

A

lateral epicondyle of the humerus

33
Q

Blood supply of the:
1) anterior forearm muscles
2) lateral forearm muscles
3) posterior forearm muscles

A

1) ulnar artery & radial artery
2) radial artery & brachial artery
3) posterior & anterior interosseus arteries

34
Q

Nerve supply of the:
1) anterior forearm muscles
2) lateral forearm muscles
3) posterior forearm muscles

A

1) median & ulnar nerve
2) radial nerve
3) deep branch of the radial nerve

35
Q

Common tendon of origin for anterior forearm muscles

A

medial epicondyle of the humerus

36
Q

All of the anterior forearm muscles are innervated by the median nerve except for which muscle innervated by the ulnar nerve?

A
  • flexor carpi ulnaris
  • medial part of flexor digitorum profundus
37
Q

Pronators of the hand

A

(1) pronator teres
(2) pronator quadratus

38
Q

What muscle maintains the position of the palm of the hand over the axis during pronation

A

Anconeus

39
Q

Supinators of the forearm

A

(1) biceps brachii
(2) supinator

40
Q

During pronation and supination, the bones are held together by:

A

(1) anular ligament of radius
(2) interosseus membrane
(3) articular disc at the distal radioulnar joint

41
Q

Major structures pass anterior to the cubital fossa except for

A

ulnar nerve

passes posterior to the medial epicondyle

Gross Anatomy - Snell's (35 decks)

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