Humanistic Approach

Question 1

tthe Humanistic psychology is

4 point of defenition

Answer 1

1. a person centered approach,
2. it is posotove psychology,
3. it emphesises human’s conscious experience and their responcibility for actions.
4. it focuses on vindividuals potential to become their whole self

Question 2

what is the fundamental belief of humanistic psychology

Answer 2

all humans are good innately

Question 3

maslow proposed

Answer 3

hierarchy of needs, that have to be fulfiled form bottom to top

Question 4

two types of needs

Answer 4

D needs
B needs

Question 5

what are the D needs

Answer 5

deficiency needs
physyological -> safety -> love and belonging

Question 6

whatare the B needs

Answer 6

being needs
self esteem -> self actualisation

Question 7

for how long self actualisation lasts

Answer 7

not for long
only 1/100 ppl can reach

Question 8

can you move between satges

Answer 8

yes, you can fluctuate between stages
go back and forth

Question 9

what is realization

Answer 9

when a person reahces the highest level
it is a relisation of one’s talent

Question 10

maslows view on free will

Answer 10

maslow thinks we have free will, as in order to become the best version of yourslef you need to chose this.
this decision is not deremined by our genes or environment

Question 11

what is congruence

Answer 11

is the similarity between real-slef and ideal-self
the higher congruence is the greter feeling of slef-worth

when its too low - incongruence - people use defence mechanism to feel less threatend

Question 12

conditions of worth ?
done by whome?

Answer 12

Roger
conditions imposed on an individual behaviour and development that are considered necessaray!!! to ern positive regard from significant others

love and accpetance can be unconditional
can be conditional: you are accpeted only if you do smth they want you to - develops conditional positive refard, which developse into conditions of worth

Question 13

focus on the self

Answer 13

• our self is the personal identity
• to reach congruence one must have a self-concept that matches with one’s ideal self.
• individual is seen as the best expert of themselves
• focus on the individual and councellor - acts as a guide to the truths about their unique self
• humanistic approach focuses on individual and helps to reach full congruence

Question 14

influence of councelling
(therapisit)

Answer 14

therepists are guides
help ppl to understnad themselves and find the ways to reach slef actual

help to disolve conditions of worth by giving unconditional positive regard

Question 15

sufficient clien-therapist relationships
x3

Answer 15

1. empathetic understanding (seeing things through client’s perspective)
2. unconditional positive regad
3. a congruent therapist who is in touch with their own feelings

Question 16

eval 1 top

Answer 16

evaluating humanistic research scientifically is difficult because most of the evidence that support this research - dont establish causal relationship

Question 17

eval 1 point

Answer 17

Roger - advocate of non-experimental method.
areguing that reqiermants of experimnetal methods make it impossible to verify the results of counciling
Most psychologicst will argue that experimental methods are neccessary to evaluate the use of therapy or theory

Question 18

eval 1 tail

Answer 18

although some studies shown the progress and personal growth as a result of humanistic approach, these dont show that the therapy caused changes

Question 19

eval 2 top

Answer 19

a strength of research is that it has relevance on a large scale, than just individual growth

Question 20

eval 2 point

Answer 20

Hagerty looked at the relationship between economic growth and the measure of maslows levels in 88 countries over a 34 year period .

found that countries ib the early stage of economic development were at the lower stages of Maslows hierarchy - completeng physyiologucal and safety needs

Question 21

eval 2 tail

Answer 21

as predicted by maslow it would be only in the economcally developed countries that self esteem and self actualisation became important

proving its use on the large scale,
it can be also used to improve people’s lives

Question 22

eval 3 top

Answer 22

the research contains Culture bias
specifically beta bias

Question 23

eval 3 point

Answer 23

for example in China belongingess needs are more fundamental and important than physiological. and self-actualisation is more about bringing into community rather than solely investing in ‘self’ therefore Maslows triangle contradicts with the culture, therefore if we want to judge and compare countries using humanistic appriach it will be biased

Question 24

eval 3 tail

Answer 24

this is due to the differnce between collectivistic and individualistic culture. however it means the research’s application is limited to the use only arounf individualistic countries and cant be applied to all

Question 25

eval 4 top

Answer 25

a strength of the research is that it is holistic

Question 26

eval 4 point

Answer 26

as it focuses on tthe whole development of self, considers all aspects of indivual and believes indivisual knows aboutt themselves better, it appears not to be reductionist.
unlike biological approach that reduces behaviour to the work of neutransmitters and genes, and disorders like depression to the imbalance of them.

Question 27

eval 4 tail

Answer 27

this is the only approach that takes into account all the aspects in a holistic manner.

Question 28

eval 4 double

Answer 28

however, it hold unrelistic view. critics point at more siginificant influenes on the behaviour.
and say that H.A. focuses too much on the personal growth, and ignores situational factors, which can provide a relistic explanation of everyday behaviour