humanistic approach Flashcards
who are two important indviduals related to this
maslow and rogers
what does humanistic psychology claim
it claims human beings are self determining and have free will
human beings are still affected by external and internal influences but are active agents determining their own development
what are humanists attitudes to scientific approaches
humanists reject scientific models which establish general principles of human behaviour - they believe as active agents we are all unique
psychology should concern itself with studying subjective experiences rather than general laws
what is maslow hierarchy of needs
maslow suggested we need a hierarchy of needs that motivate behaviour - the most basic being biological - safety - love - self esteem and then self actualisation
what is self actualisation and how is it aceived
self actualisation is feeling fulfilled in life - feeling true self awareness and having a feeling of euphoria
self actualisation is suggested by maslow to be achieved when you acheive each stage in the hierarchy
what did rogers suggest about achieving personal growth
an indvidual’s self concept must be congruent with their ideal self
if the gap is too big then you will experience incongruence and self actualisation will not be possible
how did rogers reduce the gap between self concept and ideal self
he developed client centred therapy (counselling) where you are guided by a therapist and talk about everyday problems.
what is a way to achieve congruence
making more manageable goals instead of harder goals and have unconditional positive regard
what did rogers suggest is a reason for our problems in adulthood
rogers suggested our problems in adulthood stem from childhood and are due to conditions of worth from family and friends
how did client centred therapy help reduce conditions of worth
the client would be expected to identify conditions of worth from childhood through prompts from the therapist
the therapists give unconditional positive regard to the client to reduce incongruency and help achieve self actualisation
what is holism
considering the individual as a whole instead of specifically focusing on one thing
weakness - cultural bias
ideas of humanistic psychology can be taboo in some cultures eg self actualisation
what are the scout
opposing theory - behaviourist approach, usefulness (pete), testability
testability pet
p-testability is bad. lacks falsifiability and empirical evidence
e- due to being holisitic it refuses to break down behaviours into single variables and measure them like other approaches such as the biological approach , short on empirical evidence to back up its claims
t-critics argue h.psych has little impact in psych as it lacks application into the real world, set of abstract ideas rather than a comprehensive theory
pet opposing theory
p-behaviourist approach
e-humans learn behaviour primarily through external influence rather than on their own unlike humanistic psychology, it needs scientific evidence as it is purely objective and has established principles such as learning through conditioning
t - h.psych is less reliable compared to b. and lacks empirical evidence so claims are less valuable
pete usefulness
p-h is useful because it encourages people to improve their lifestyle and promotes positive mental health
e-client centred therapy advocates holism. provides alternative for scientific treatments
t-established one of the first talking therapies and explains human behaviour within a real world context
e-form of talk therapy that relies on cline t to verbalise their own thoughts, not beneficial for those with communication issues
