Humanistic approach

Question 1

What is the humanistic approach?

Answer 1

Behaviour is a result of subjective and individual experience

Question 2

What are the assumptions of the humanistic approach?

Answer 2

The result of our motivation means we can meet out needs, growth need is hardest to meet and the obstacles to meeting growth need (incongruence) also shape behaviour

Question 3

What do humanists believe?

Answer 3

We could all choose our own behaviour and it is not determined by outside forces, but we are also all unique so cannot be compared or investigated quantitively

Question 4

What is the order or Maslow’s hierarchy of needs?

Answer 4

1. Physiological needs.
2. Safety needs
3. Belongingness and love needs
4. Esteem needs
5. Self-actualisation

Question 5

What are physiological needs?

Answer 5

Food, water, warmth and rest

Question 6

What are safety needs?

Answer 6

Security and safety

Question 7

What are belongingness and love needs?

Answer 7

Intimidate relationships and friends

Question 8

What are esteem needs?

Answer 8

Prestige and feelings of accomplishment

Question 9

What are basic needs?

Answer 9

Physiological and safety needs

Question 10

What are psychological needs?

Answer 10

Esteem, belongingness and love needs

Question 11

What are self-fulfilment needs?

Answer 11

Self actualisation

Question 12

What is self actualisation?

Answer 12

Being self-aware, caring, wise, interested and problem centred

Question 13

What is the focus of self actualisation?

Answer 13

Focusing energy on a task that is a mission in their life and having a higher purposes

Question 14

What is needed for self-actualisation?

Answer 14

A growth promoting climate

Question 15

What is free-will?

Answer 15

Humans are self-determining individuals - active agents who determine their own development

Question 16

What is Maslow’s hierarchy of needs?

Answer 16

A five-levelled sequence where basic needs, then psychological needs, must be met before growth needs (self actualisation)

Question 17

What is congruence?

Answer 17

When a person’s behaviour matches up with their own thoughts so the self-concept and ideal self broadly match

Question 18

What is incongruence?

Answer 18

A person’s behaviour doesn’t match their own thoughts so self-concept and self-ideal are different

Question 19

What happens if the gap between self-concept and self-ideal are too far apart?

Answer 19

Negative feelings will arise so no growth will happen

Question 20

What is the importance of self-concept and self-ideal matching?

Answer 20

It links to self-esteem and is needed to work towards self-actualisation

Question 21

How does therapy help the mismatch between self-concept and ideal self?

Answer 21

It provides unconditional positive regard to achieve congruence

Question 22

What is the role of therapist in client-centred therapy?

Answer 22

To help the client discover resources they have within them so they can help themselves

Question 23

What happens in client-centred therapy?

Answer 23

Patients aren’t advised what to do but encouraged to make their own changes and discover own self-actualising tendencies

Question 24

What are conditions of worth?

Answer 24

Placing limits or boundaries on parent’s love of their children

Question 25

What is client-centred therapy?

Answer 25

The focus is on the problem from the client’s viewpoint rather than a diagnosis from a therapist to increase a clients self-esteem