Humanistic approach Flashcards
what’s meant by free will?
The ability to determine our OWN choices and development.
what do humanistic psychologists believe?
That human beings are SELF-DETERMINING and have FREE-WILL.
This doesn’t mean we are NOT affected by external/internal factors, but we are ACTIVE agents who have ability to determine our OWN development.
why do humanistic psychologists such as ROGERS and MASLOW reject behaviourist, bio and cog approaches?
Because they attempt to establish GENERAL principles of human behaviour.
Humanits believe we are all UNIQUE and adopt a PERSON centred approach focusing on SUBJECTIVE experiences.
What did Rogers emphasise the ability of people doing?
Ability of people to REFLECT on their feelings and experiences and to INITIATE personal CHANGE and growth in themselves.
what did Rogers find through his work in councelling?
That people had the DESIRE and ABILITY to make CHANGES to themselves.
What is meant by self-actualisation?
Realisation or fulfilment of ones talnets and potentialities.
DESIRE to become the MOST that one can be.
What does Maslows Hierarchy of needs consist of?
Self-actualisation.
Esteem.
Love and belonging.
Safet needs.
Psyiological needs.
What must be met before an individual can work towards self-actualisation?
All 4 levels of Maslows hierarchy.
What are the bottom levels of the hierarchy known as?
The deficiency needs.
If NOT met we would experience this as having something MISSING in our lives.
What is the top level of the hierarchy referred as?
The ‘BEING’ need.
Maslow believed that each individual has the DESIRE for personal FULFILMENT which is self-actualisation.
what’s the difference between self and the ideal self?
SELF is the way an individual SEES themselves.
IDEAL SELF is the person they WANT to be.
What did Rogers say must happen in order for personal growth to be achieved?
An individuals SELF-concept (How they see them self) must be CONGRUENT with their IDEAL self. (How they want to be)
If the gap is too big, the person will experience INCONGRUENCE and self-actualisation will not be possible.
What did Rogers develop in order to close the gap between self-concept and ideal self?
CLIENT CENTRED THERAPY.
Claimed many issues we face during adulthood ROOT from childhood e.g. low self-esteem.
This can be explained by a LACK of unconditional positive regard (love) from our parents.
What 3 things should a client centred therapist provide the client with?
Genuineness
Empathy
Unconditional positive regard.
Why should the therapist provide the client with these 3 things?
in order to INCREASE the feelings of self-WORTH and REDUCE incongruence between self and IDEAL self.
