Biological approach Flashcards
what does the biological approach suggest?
Everything psychological, is at first biological. To understand human behaviour we must focus on biological structures within the body.
what part of the brain is the main focus when explaining behaviour?
The central nervous system. Composed of the brain and the spinal cord.
what is neurochemistry?
the study of chemical processes, which takes place in the CNS.
Believed that our thought and behaviour RELIES on chemical transmission in the brain, using neurotransitters.
An imbalance of neurochemicals in the brain can lead to mental disorder.
Examples of neurotransmitters= dopamine and serotonin.
what are biological structures?
different parts of the brain are responsible for different functions.
what are Genes?
The make up of CHROMOSONES, consisting of DNA which codes PHYSICAL features. Transmitted by PARENTS to CHILDREN.
what is a genotype?
your actual genetic makeup
what is a phenotype?
characteristics of an individual determined by both GENES and ENVIRO.
Identical twins are a good example of the interaction between inheritance (genotype) and environment (Phenotype). Same genetic makeup, different personalities.
what have the twin studies shown regarding the genetic basis of behaviour?
Twin studies are used to investigate whether certain chractersitics have a genetic basis. This is done by analysing CONCORDANCE RATES.
we expect all MZ twins to be concordant as they’re identical.
And all DZ twins to not be concordant as they are not identical.
How does evolution link to the biological approach?
Charles Darwins theory of natural selection. his main principle that any genetically determined behaviour that ENHANCES an individuals survival will CONTINUE in future generations.
