Humanistic Approach

Question 1

Assumptions of the humanistic approach

Answer 1

Free will- idea that people have the ability to choose their own actions and behaviour independently - active agents, capable of personal growth

Maslow- people have certain needs which allow personal growth. People are motivated to meet certain needs.

Question 2

Describe Maslows Hierarchy of Needs

Answer 2

All four lower levels of the hierarchy must be met before the individual can work towards self- actualisation and fulfil their potential.

During self actualisation individuals leave behind all fear, doubt and inhabitation meaning they can achieve their dreams and goals.

Not everyone will manage this.

Question 3

Self-Actualisation

Answer 3

Is the highest level in Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. It refers to the innate drive within individuals to reach their full potential, achieve personal growth, and become the best version of themselves.

Question 4

Focus on the Self

Answer 4

Refers to the idea that understanding and fulfilling our own identity, personal growth, and self-worth is essential to healthy psychological functioning.

Question 5

Congruence

Answer 5

The match between the perceived self and ideal self

Question 6

Incongruence

Answer 6

If the gap between self and ideal self is too big the person experiences a state of incongruence.

Question 7

Conditions of worth

Answer 7

Rogers claimed that many of the issues we experience as adults have their roots n childhood. This is similar to Freud. Rogers claimed that these issues could be explained by a lack of unconditional positive regard.

Question 8

Conditional positive regard

Answer 8

Love given only for meeting certain standards of behaviour

Question 9

Unconditional positive regard

Answer 9

Acceptance, support and caring of other simply because the person is a human being.

Question 10

Which psychologist associated with the humanistic approach?

Answer 10

Carl Rogers

Question 11

Which psychologist wrote the hierarchy of needs?

Answer 11

Abraham Maslow

Question 12

How can an individual achieve congruence?

Answer 12

Close the gap between the ideal self and perceived self by having a healthier view of himself and has more achievable and realistic ideal self

Question 13

Counselling Psychology

Answer 13

It is a type of talking therapy.
Key features include that it is:
- Client centred
- Unconditional positive regard is used

It aims to reduce a client’s congruence and move towards self actualisation