Human Sexuality 5-7 Flashcards

1
Q

Define rape under sexual offences law

A

Rape is committed if:
- A man has unlawful sexual intercourse with a woman who does not give consent during the intercourse

  • The man knows she does not give consent but is reckless anyways
  • Any penetration of male penis into female vagina * (ejaculation is not required)
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2
Q

Age of consent in HK

Consequence of underage sex

A

16

Sexual intercourse with a girl under 16 is a criminal offense regardless of her consent

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3
Q

Laws on protection of children against sexual offenses?

A

1) Any intercourse with a girl under 14 is rape
2) Any exposure of sexually explicit material to a child is a crime
3) Any photo or video of naked children showing private parts or children in sexual act is an international crime

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4
Q

Define indecent assault under HK law

A

Indecent acts or touching or penetration of bodily orifices by objects other than a male genitalia

e.g. forced oral sex

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5
Q

Highest age group in rape victims

A

15-19

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6
Q

Offender-victim relationship in rape incidences?

A

Majority = Friends
2nd and 3rd = Stranger and Intimate Partners
4th and 5th = Work colleagues and Family members

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7
Q

Main places of sexual assault?

A
Majority = Residential 
2nd = Hotel/ Hostel/ Villa
3rd = Outdoor
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8
Q

Main mode of intoxication during sexual assault?

A

Alcohol

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9
Q

6 main procedures to perform when assessing a rape victim

A

1) Collect evidence of sexual assault
2) Assist in criminal prosecution
3) Documentation of injury and treatment
4) Screen for STD
5) Prophylaxis for STD
6) Pregnancy test

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10
Q

4 types of control evidence for rape conviction

A

Hair
Blood
Saliva
Blood or fluids of spouse and sexual partner

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11
Q

How to collect contact evidence from the victim?

Should the victim clean?

A

Do not change or wash clothes
Do not shower or clean after an attack

Victim stands on clean sheet of paper and undress, clothing collected and packed individually

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12
Q

How to document injuries on rape victim?

A

Record type, location, size and shape of injury

Interpret age of injury, probable cause of injury

Drawing, photo, video evidence with specific consent

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13
Q

List physical evidences that are collected for rape victims

A
  • Fingernails: for blood, skin or fibers trapped under
  • Swabs for dried saliva, semen, blood…
  • Genital swabs
  • Speculum exam
  • Photographic documentation of wounds, hymen
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14
Q

Incidence of physical trauma in rape cases?

A

Injuries are only found in minority of rape victims

But absence of injuries does not exclude rape

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15
Q

Difference in services provided to rape victims who report vs not report rape

A

Report:

  • Forensic medical exam and evidence collection
  • Prophylaxis from A&E doctors

Do not report:
- Prophylaxis from A&E doctors

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16
Q

4 reasons for delayed/ poor reporting of substance-assisted rape

A
  • Retrograde amnesia
  • Loss of consciousness
  • Disinhibitions
  • Relationship between victim and offender
17
Q

Causes of gender dysphoria (5)

A
  • Severe genital abnormalities
  • Androgen exposure
  • Specific mutations: RYR3, CYP17 …etc
  • Twins (especially male)
  • Neuroanatomy changes
18
Q

Scope of Treatment for gender dysphoria

A
  • Hormone therapy
  • Surgery
  • Psychotherapy
  • Voice and communication therapy
  • Social support
19
Q

Patient management before starting treatment for gender dysphoria

A

Treat psychiatric comorbidities

Live in identity congruent gender role for 12 months before operative

20
Q

Physical changes in Transman after hormone therapy

A
Increase muscle mass and strength 
Deepen voice 
Fat redistribution 
Body and facial hair growth 
Clitoral enlargement and vaginal atrophy
21
Q

Physical changes in Transwomen after hormone therapy

A
Softening skin 
Decrease muscle mass and strength 
Breast growth 
Fat redistribution 
Decreased hair growth
Decrease erection and sperm production
22
Q

Options for fertility preservation for transgenders

A

Transwomen: Frozen sperm
Transman: Gamete preservation

23
Q

Surgery options for transgenders

A

Male to Female:

  • Vaginoplasty
  • Breast augmentation
  • Vocal cord surgery
  • Orchiectomy
  • Vaginoplasty
  • Facial feminization surgery

Female to Male:

  • Phalloplasty
  • Subcutaneous Mastectomy
  • Vaginoplasty
  • Hysterectomy
24
Q

Paraphilia

  • Criteria
  • Examples of types
A

DSM:

  • Recurrent intense sexually arousing fantasies/ urges/ behavior involving non-human objects, children, non-consenting person, or humiliation of self or partner
  • 6 months +

Fetishism
Pedophilia
Sexual sadism
Voyeurism

25
Q

Paraphilic disorder

- Criteria

A

DSM:

  • Personal distress about interest
  • Sexual behavior that involves another person’s psychological distress, injury, or death
  • Desire for sexual behavior involving unwilling persons or persons unable to give consent
26
Q

4 examples of sex chromosome disorders

A

Klinefelter syndrome - XXY

Turner syndrome - X only

Triple-X syndrome- XXX

Mixed gonadal dysgenesis - X only or XY

27
Q

Victim- Offender relationship in rape and indecent assault cases?

A

Rape: 98% acquaintances

Indecent assault: 38% acquaintances, 62% strangers

28
Q

Most common type of sexual offense?

A

Voyeuristic disorder

Paraphilic disorder - derive pleasure from looking at naked bodies ad genital organs, or observing sexual act of others

29
Q

Voyeuristic disorder

- Criteria

A

In at least 6 months:

  • Recurrent and intense sexual arousal from observing an unsuspecting person who is naked, disrobing or engaged in sexual activity
  • Acted on sexual urges with non-consenting person, or urges causing clinically significant distress and daily functional impairment
  • Individual with arousal or urges is at least 18
30
Q

2 types of incest

A

Incest - sexual activity between family members

Covert/ Emotional incest - Parent or caregiver relies on child for support that a romantic partner would give

31
Q

Pharmacological treatment for Voyeuristic disorder

A

Reduce impulse and urges:

Antiandrogens
Antigonadotropics
SSRI