human resources

Question 1

labour productivity

formula

Answer 1

output per time period/number of employees

output per worker

Question 2

why may an increase in productivity not increase competitiveness?

Answer 2

rivals may increase productivity at a quicker rate, factors other than cost - rivals may bring out better products

Question 3

labour turnover

formula

Answer 3

(Number of staff leaving / average number of staff employed) x 100

Question 4

labour retention

formula

Answer 4

(Number of employees remaining over a period of time/ average number of employees over a period of time) x 100

Question 5

absenteeism rate

formula

Answer 5

number of staff absent / total staff employed x 100

Question 6

how to improve productivity and retention and reduce turnover and absenteeism

Answer 6

financial reward, like:
* piece rate
* employee share ownership
* consultation strategies
* training
* feedback
* responsibility and authority

Question 7

types of consultation strategies

Answer 7

pseudo-consultation- management makes decision and informs employees through representatives

classical - representatives discuss and have influence

integration consultation - management an trade unions come to joint decision

Question 8

empowerment strategies

Answer 8

• training
• provide necessary resources
• hand over authority