Human resource, theories of motivation; Leadership Flashcards
It is the phase of management concerned with the engagement and effective utilization of manpower to obtain optimum efficiency of human resources.
Human Resource Management
It consists of a series of activities intended to carry out the personnel policies of the laboratory for the purpose or realizing objectives of the organization.
Personnel Program
5 Personnel Program
- Employment
- Safety
- Employee Relations
- Employee Research and Standards
- Employee Services
It is the statement of intention that commits the laboratory manager to a general course of action in order to accomplish a specific purpose.
Personnel Policy
2 Sources of Labor
- Internal Sources
- External Sources
are the employees actively working in the laboratory.
[sources of labor]
Internal Sources
include person who apply in person, who answer advertisement and who are recommended by schools.
[sources of labor]
External Sources
Motivation is a general term applying to drives, desires, needs and wishes of an individual in order to perform.
Theories of Motivation
2 Herzberg’ Motivation-Hygiene Theory
- Extrinsic Factors or Hygiene Theory
- Intrinsic Factors or Motivation Factors
Pay or Salary increases.
[Herzberg’ Motivation-Hygiene Theory]
Extrinsic Factors or Hygiene Theory
Technical supervision or having a competent superior.
[Herzberg’ Motivation-Hygiene Theory]
Extrinsic Factors or Hygiene Theory
The human relations.
[Herzberg’ Motivation-Hygiene Theory]
Extrinsic Factors or Hygiene Theory
Organization Policy and Administration.
[Herzberg’ Motivation-Hygiene Theory]
Extrinsic Factors or Hygiene Theory
Working Condition or Physical Surrounding.
[Herzberg’ Motivation-Hygiene Theory]
Extrinsic Factors or Hygiene Theory
Job security.
[Herzberg’ Motivation-Hygiene Theory]
Extrinsic Factors or Hygiene Theory
Achievement completing important task successfully.
[Herzberg’ Motivation-Hygiene Theory]
Intrinsic Factors or Motivation Factors
Recognition (being single out our praise)
[Herzberg’ Motivation-Hygiene Theory]
Intrinsic Factors or Motivation Factors
Responsibility for one’s own or other’s work.
[Herzberg’ Motivation-Hygiene Theory]
Intrinsic Factors or Motivation Factors
Advancement (changing status through promotion)
[Herzberg’ Motivation-Hygiene Theory]
Intrinsic Factors or Motivation Factors
Dr. Abraham M. Maslow postulated five basic need which are organized into successive levels. Unfulfilled needs drive a person to work.
Maslow’s Theory
5 Maslow’s Theory
- Physiological needs
- Safety needs
- Love needs
- Esteem needs
- Need for self-actualization
This ties the strength of behavioral motives to the individual’s assessment of the likelihood of achieving a specific goal.
McCelland’s Achievement Model
3 McClelland’s Achievement Model
- Achievement needs
- Power needs
- Affiliation needs
job and career success.
[McClelland’s Achievement Model]
Achievement needs
control and influence.
[McClelland’s Achievement Model]
Power needs
warm, friendly relationships.
[McClelland’s Achievement Model]
Affiliation needs
3 Aldefer’s ERG Theory
- Existence needs
- Relatedness needs
- Growth needs
physiologic needs.
[Aldefer’s ERG Theory]
Existence needs
interpersonal relationship, acceptance and belonging.
[Aldefer’s ERG Theory]
Related needs
creativity, challenge and personal growth on the job.
[Aldefer’s ERG Theory]
Growth needs
This motivation theory holds that: Effort will bring rewards.
Vroom’s Expectancy Theory
5 Variables influence the selection decision.
- Expectancy
- Outcome
- Instrumentality
- Valance
- Choices
This theory holds that they are perceived in their work situation, especially compared with people in similar positions.
Adam’s Equity Theory
B. F. Skinner’s Theory of motivation is based on the observation that we tend to behave to the way we are treated.
Skinner’s Reinforcement Theory
5 Components of Skinner’s Reinforcement Theory
- Law of effect
- Stimulus
- Response
- Reinforcement
- Behavior motivation
Leadership and Employees
[factors]
Internal factors
Customers/ Clients and Economy
[factors]
External factors
It is comprised behaviors, values, and beliefs. Factors such as work areas, tools that employees need to perform their job functions and tasks and responsibilities that supervisors assign to employees affect employee behavior.
Organizational Culture
4 Likert’s Leadership Models
- Exploitative Authoritative
- Benevolent Authoritative
- Consultative
- Participative
extremely hierarchal, with power and responsibility lying at higher levels within the organization.
[Likert’s Leadership Models]
Exploitative Authoritative
employees are instead motivated through a reward system.
[Likert’s Leadership Models]
Benevolent Authoritative
greater trust in their subordinates and demonstrate as such by implementing ideas or beliefs that they share with their team members.
[Likert’s Leadership Models]
Consultative
full trust in their subordinates and demonstrate and actively works with them as part of the decision-making process.
[Likert’s Leadership Models]
Participative
willingness to work.
Division of work
the right to be respected by the people; one should be responsible in doing the task assigned to him/her.
Authority and responsibilty
[2] Command responsibility
- Respondent superior
- Respondent inferior
is having only one superior or one boss.
[principle of leadership]
Unity of command
Scalar arrangement of persons to whom responsibility passes in a hierarchal level.
[principle of leadership]
Chain of command
The leader has the power to fully control the people under him.
[principle of leadership]
Centralization
Refers to the salary or fringe benefits.
[principle of leadership]
Remuneration of personnel
