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Grade 12 Biology > Human Reproduction > Flashcards

Human Reproduction Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the 8 main labels of the Penis?

A

> Seminal Vesicle
Cowpers Gland
Scrotum
Sperm Duct
Prostate Gland
Urethra
Epididymis
Testes

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2
Q

What is the purpose of the Seminal Vesicle?

A

> A Gland that produces a nutrient-rich fluid that provides energy for the sperm cells.

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3
Q

What is the purpose of the Cowpers Gland?

A

> Produces mucus that helps with the movement of sperm cells.

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4
Q

What is the purpose of the Scrotum?

A

> Skin sac that protects the Testes and holds the Testes ‘outside’ the body at a temperature that is 2°C below 37°C.

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5
Q

What is the purpose of the Testes?

A

> Produces sperm cells and the hormone Testosterone.

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6
Q

What is the purpose of the Prostate Gland?

A

> Produces an Alkaline Fluid that neutralizes the acids produced in the Vagina, which would kill sperm cells.

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7
Q

What is the purpose of the Sperm Duct?

A

> Transports sperm from the Epididymis to the Urethra.

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8
Q

What is the Purpose of the Urethra?

A

> Transports Semen and Urine out of the body.

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9
Q

What is the Purpose of the Epididymis?

A

> Sperm cells mature and are stored here.

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10
Q

What are the Functions of Testosterone?

A

> Development of the Male secondary sexual characteristics, such as beard, public hair, deep voice and a muscular body.

> Stimulates the maturation of sperm cells.

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11
Q

What are the Main Parts of the Female Reproductive system?

A

> Fallopian Tube
Ovary
Vagina
Uterus
Endometrium
Cervix

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12
Q

What is the Purpose of the Fallopian Tube?

A

> Connects the ovaries to the uterus, Transports egg cells from the ovary, it is the site of fertilization.

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13
Q

What is the Function of the Ovary?

A

> Produces egg cells, secretes Progesterone and Oestrogen.

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14
Q

What is the Function of the Uterus?

A

> Carries the embryo and foetus during pregnancy.

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15
Q

What is the Function of the Endometrium?

A

> The Inner lining of the Uterus, place where the embryo implants and the placenta forms.

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16
Q

What is the Function of the Cervix?

A

> Lower, narrow part of Uterus. It stretches to allow the baby through during childbirth.

17
Q

What is the Function of the Hormones Oestrogen and Progesterone?

A

> Oestrogen helps with the development of female features such as breast, soft skin, feminine voice and influences the menstrual cycle.

> Progesterone is used for the implantation of the Uterus and ensure it stays in position for the entire period of pregnancy.

18
Q

What is a Zygote?

A

> The Fusion of Haploid Male gametes with 23 chromosomes with the Haploid Female gametes aslo with 23 chromosomes to form a single Diployd cell.

19
Q

What is Gametogenesis?

A

> The Process where Gametes are produced from the Germinal Epithellium of the sex organs (Testes and Ovaries) through Meiosis.

20
Q

Spermatogenesis

A

• Under the influence of Testosterone
• diploid cells in the seminiferous tubules of the testes undergo meiosis
• to form haploid sperm cells.

21
Q

What is Oogenesis?

A

> Oogenesis refers to the process by which ova are produced from the germinal epithelium of the ovaries.

22
Q

How does Oogenesis occur?

A

• Diploid cells in the ovary undergo mitosis to form numerous follicles

• At the onset puberty and under the influence of FSH, one cell inside a follicle enlarges and undergoes meiosis.

• Of the four cells that are produced, only one survives to form a mature haploid ovum.

• This occurs in a monthly cycle.

23
Q

What is Gestation?

A

° The period when the embryo develops within the mothers uterus. Also known as the pregnancy period

24
Q

What is a Blastocyst?

A

° A hollow ball of cells in which fertilized ovum develops.

25
Q

What is Mitosis?

A

° The cell division by which the Zygote becomes multicellular.

26
Q

What is the Placenta?

A

° Combination of embryonic and maternal tissue responsible for gas exchange, nutrition and excretion.

27
Q

What is the Umbilical Artery?

A

° The Blood Vessel that carries Nitroenous waste from the Foetus to the Placenta.

28
Q

What is the Umbilical Vein?

A

° The Blood Vessel that carries oxygenated blood from the Placenta to the Foetus.

29
Q

What is Copulation?

A

Vaginal Sex ( Lol )

30
Q

What is Fertilisation?

A

• The process in which a new cell is formed when two gametes (sex cells) –sperm and ova fuse together.

Grade 12 Biology (13 decks)

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