Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Grade 12 Biology > Endocrinology > Flashcards

Endocrinology Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is the Endocrine System Responsible for?

A

Responsible for the chemical co-ordination of Hormones in the body.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is a Endocrine Gland?

A

> A gland that pours its hormones directly into the blood stream.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is a Exocrine Gland?

A

> A Gland which has its secretions/hormones transported by means of ducts.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is a Hormone?

A

> Chemical messengers which are Protein in nature, secreted by Endocrine Glands.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the Endocrine Glands?

A

> Hypothalamus
Pituitary Gland/ Hypophysis
Thyroid Gland
Andrenal Gland
Pancreas (Islets of Langerhans)
Ovaries
Testes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the Function of the Hypothalamus?

A

> Produces the Anti-Diuretic Hormone (ADH).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the Location and Function of ADH?

A

> Found and released from the Pituitary Gland

> Function is to help in the Concentration of Urine.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the Function of the Pituitary Gland?

A

° Produce many important hormones. That control other Endocrine Glands. It’s also called the Master Gland.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the Hormones that the Pituitary Gland produces?

A

> Growth Hormone
Thyroid Stimulated Hormone (TSH)

> Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)
Luteinising Hormone (LH) in females
Prolactin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the Function of the Growth Hormone?

A

> Essential for the growth and development of the skeleton and muscles and thus the body as a whole.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is Hypersecretion of Growth Hormone?

A

> When the secretion of Growth Hormone is too much. This is also known as Gigantism.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is Hyposecrection of Growth Hormone?

A

> The secretion of too Little Growth Hormone. This is also known as Dwarfism.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the Function of (TSH)?

A

> Simulates the Thyroid Gland to secrete the Hormone Thyroxin.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the Function of (FSH)?

A

> In the Female, this Hormone controls the production of ova (eggs) in the Graafian Follicles of the ovary.

> In Males, it controls the development of sperm.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Negative Feedback: Control of Thyroxine levels

A

> Thyroxine Levels increase above normal levels

> Pituitary Gland is Stimulated

> Pituitary Gland produces less TSH

> Low TSH level stimulates the Thyroid Gland

> The Thyroid Gland secretes less Thyroxin

> The Thyroxin level thus decreases

> Thyroxin level returns to normal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Glucose Levels increase:

A

> Glucose levels in the blood increase above normal levels.

> The Pancreas is Stimulated to secrete insulin into the blood.

> Insulin travels in the blood to the liver, where it stimulates the conversion of excess glucose to glycogen which is then stored.

> The Glucose level in the blood now decreases and returns to normal.

17
Q

When the Blood has more water than usual.

A

> The Hypothalamus is Stimulated and sends signals to the Pituitary Gland to produce more ADH.

> ADH travels in the blood into the Kidneys.

> ADH increases the permeability of the of the collecting Duct and the distal Convoluted tubules of the Kidney.

> More water is absorbed and passed into the surrounding blood vessels.

> The Water level in the blood returns to normal.

18
Q

When Salt levels increase:

A

> Receptor cells in the efferent and afferent arterioles of the Kidney detect the high salt level.

> The Adrenal Gland is Stimulated to secrete less aldosterone.

> This decreases the re-absorption of sodium ions from the renal tubules in the Kidney to the surrounding blood vessels.

> The Salt level in the blood returns to normal.

19
Q

What is the purpose of the Thyroid Gland?

A

> Controls the basic metabolism rate

> Affects growth by maintaining the GH content of the Pituitary.

> Affects the functioning of the heart and nervous system.

20
Q

What is Hyperthyroidism?

A

> Overproduction of Thyroxine

> Symptoms include:
• increased metabolic rate which leads to hyperactivity and nervous tension.

• Development of Goitre (bug eyes)

21
Q

What is the purpose of the Adrenal Gland?

A

> Secretes the Hormone Adrenalin and Aldosterone.

22
Q

What are the results of the Adrenal Glands secreting Adrenalin?

A

• Increases the heartbeat
• Raises blood pressure
• Speeds up the conversion from glycogen to glucose
• Causes pupils to dilate
• Increases the blood supply to the cardiac and skeletal muscles, ect..

Grade 12 Biology (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions