Human Organism Flashcards
This investigates the body’s structure (shape and size of the bones).
Anatomy
Two types of Anatomy
Systemic and Regional Anatomy
Study by system
Systemic Anatomy
Study by area or region
Regional Anatomy
Two ways to examine internal surface
Surface anatomy
Anatomical Imaging
Uses technology to create pictures of internal structures.
Anatomical Imaging
This studies the body through its external features as its anatomical landmarks relating with deeper structures.
Surface anatomy
Two types of Physiology
Systemic and Cellular Physiology
It studies the processes and functions of each part/system.
Physiology
Talks about the function of the body organ–systems.
Systemic Physiology
Studies the processes inside cells.
Cellular Physiology
These two are the __________
- Examine body’s responses to stimuli
- Examine body’s maintenance of stable internal condition
Importance of physiology
The structural and functional organization of the body
- Chemical
- Cellular/Cell
- Tissue
- Organ
- Organ System
- Organism
Basic unit of life
Cellular
The ability of the body to adjust and maintain equilibrium.
Compensatory Mechanism
Group of cells with similar structure, function, and extracellular substances they release.
Tissues
The smallest level
Chemical
Two or more tissues acting together to perform function.
Organ
4 types of tissues
Epithelial
Connective
Muscle
Nervous
All the organ systems work together and any living things are considered as a “whole.”
Organism
Group of organs contributing to some function.
Organ system
6 Characteristics of Life
- Organization
- Metabolism
- Responsiveness
- Growth
- Development
- Reproduction
The ability to sense and respond.
Responsiveness
Two types of metabolism
Catabolism (break down and Anabolism (build-up)
The use of energy to function
Metabolism
How parts interact and perform such functions.
Organization
The change in form, size, structure.
Development
Formation or repairing of cells
Reproduction
The increase in size/number of cells.
Growth
The ability to maintain a constant internal environment despite disturbances caused by internal or external stimuli.
Homeostasis
The normal/average value of variable
Set point
The normal extent of increase/decrease around a set point.
Normal Range
Measures of body properties that may change in value.
Variables
It maintains equilibrium. Detection of deviation away from set point
Negative feedback
Components of Negative Feedback:
Receptor - detect changes
Control Center - receives information
Effector - causes changes
Initial stimulus further stimulates the response (intensifies).
Positive Feedback
