Human Nutrition

Question 1

What are sources of protein?

Answer 1

Eggs, milk, cheese, meat, nuts

Question 2

What is the use of protein in the body?

Answer 2

Proteins are broken down to make amino acids which form other proteins needed by other cells

Question 3

What are sources of carbohydrates?

Answer 3

Rice, potatoes, bread, pasta

Question 4

What is the use of carbohydrates in the body?

Answer 4

Broken down to simple sugars for use in respiration

Question 5

What are sources of fats?

Answer 5

Oils, butter, nuts, avocado

Question 6

What is the use of fat in the body?

Answer 6

Helps maintain body temperature, also a store of energy for respiration

Question 7

What are sources of vitamins and minerals?

Answer 7

Fruit and vegetables

Question 8

What are the uses of vitamins and minerals in the body?

Answer 8

Needed for the correct functioning of the body

Question 9

What is the job of vitamin C and what diseases can it cause?

Answer 9

Job- Healthy skin, teeth and gums

Diseases- Scurvy

Question 10

What is the job of vitamin D and what diseases can it cause?

Answer 10

Job- Strong bones and teeth

Diseases- Rickets

Question 11

What is the job of iron and what diseases can it cause?

Answer 11

Job- make haemoglobin in red blood cells

Diseases- Anaemia (Reduction of RBC in body)

Question 12

What is another name for fibre?

Answer 12

Roughage

Question 13

What are the sources of fibre?

Answer 13

Leafy vegetable, brown rice, wholegrain wheat

Question 14

What is the use of fibre in the body?

Answer 14

Helps food move through digestive system via peristalsis, prevents bowel cancer

Question 15

What is the use of water in the body?

Answer 15

Used up in sweating and excretion, so we need a constant supply of it

Question 16

What are the 7 food groups?

Answer 16

Fats, fibres, proteins, minerals, water, carbohydrates, vitamins

Question 17

What is kwashiorkor?

Answer 17

A condition found in young children where there is a lack of protein.

Question 18

What are symptoms of kwashiorkor?

Answer 18

Swelling of feet and abdomen, thinning hair and loss of teeth

Question 19

What is the effect of eating too many fatty foods?

Answer 19

Obesity, diabetes,

Question 20

How is constipation caused?

Answer 20

When too little fibre means food travels more slowly through the alimentary canal

Question 21

What is ingestion?

Answer 21

Taking food and drink into the body (Via the mouth)

Question 22

What is digestion?

Answer 22

Breaking own large food molecules into smaller water-soluble ones

Question 23

What is absorption?

Answer 23

When digested food molecules are absorbed from the intestine to the blood and lymph

Question 24

What is assimilation?

Answer 24

The moving of absorbed food molecules into cells where they can be used in respiration or produce other molecules

Question 25

What is egestion?

Answer 25

When substances that haven’t been absorbed by the body but were ingested are released in the form of faeces

Question 26

What order does food travel through our body in?

Answer 26

Mouth, salivary glands, oesophagus, stomach, liver, gall bladder, pancreas, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, anus

Question 27

What is bile?

Answer 27

Substance produced by cells in the liver

Question 28

Why is bile important in our body?

Answer 28

Bile lowers the surface tension of large molecules into smaller ones, this is called emulsification

Question 29

In the intestines, how many villi are there per mm^2?

Answer 29

20-40

Question 30

What is the role of villi?

Answer 30

Absorbs digested food molecules