Co-Ordination and Response

Question 1

What are the 5 sense organs and what do they detect?

Answer 1

Eyes - Light intensity
Nose - Chemical Smells and scents
Ears - Sound waves
Tongue - chemical taste
Skin - pressure and heat

Question 2

What 2 things is the Central Nervous System made up of?

Answer 2

Brain and Spinal Cord

Question 3

What is the Peripheral Nervous System?

Answer 3

A network of nerves outside the CNS

Question 4

What is a voluntary action? Give 3 examples of this

Answer 4

Something you are conscious of doing, like writing eating and talking

Question 5

What is an involuntary action? Give 3 examples of this

Answer 5

An action our our body does automatically and we cannot control, like pupil dilation, the knee jerk reflex and heart beating

Question 6

What are the 3 types of neurones in our body?

Answer 6

Motor, Relay, Sensory

Question 7

What is the purpose of the reflex arc?

Answer 7

To protect the body from harm by performing an action that bypasses the brain and travels via spinal cord

Question 8

Describe the reflex arc

Answer 8

First the receptors in your skin will detect a harmful stimuli, say a hot pan. This will cause a nervous impulse that will start the sensory neurone. The sensory neurone then reaches and triggers the relay neurone, which alerts the brain of harm and passes onto the motor neurone, which will allow movement away from danger to occur. The effector in a muscle or gland will result in a response, say pulling your hand away from that hot pan.

Question 9

What is the gap between 2 neurones called?

Answer 9

A synapse

Question 10

How many directions can a synapse travel in?

Answer 10

One Direction

Question 11

Describe the synaptic arc

Answer 11

1) An electrical impulse travels along a neurone
2) The nerve ending of a neurone releases chemical messengers called neurotransmitters
3) The chemicals diffuse across the synapse and bind with receptor molecules on the membrane of the next neurone
4) The next electrical impulse is now triggered and transmitted

Question 12

What is an axon?

Answer 12

A long line running through the motor neurone to conduct impulses

Question 13

What is a myelin?

Answer 13

A mixture of proteins which form a white sheath around nerve fibres

Question 14

What is a dendrite?

Answer 14

The extension of a motor neurone where other cells can send impulses through it

Question 15

What is a hormone?

Answer 15

A chemical substance produced by glands and carried by blood that changes the activity of 1 or more specific organs

Question 16

Give 3 similarities or differences between Nerve impulses and Hormone response

Answer 16

1) Nerve is electrical, Hormone is chemical
2) Nerve last a short time, Hormone lasts a long time
3) Nerve targets specific area, Hormone has a widespread effect

Question 17

What does the pancreas release?

Answer 17

Insulin

Question 18

Where does adrenaline come from?

Answer 18

The Adrenal Glands

Question 19

Name 3 affects of adrenaline on the body

Answer 19

1) Widened pupils, more light enters the eye so you can see more and be more alert
2) Increased breathing and pulse rate, increase in oxygen intake so you have more energy to fight or run
3) Muscles contract, makes muscles stronger for fighting