Excretion in Humans Flashcards
Where are toxins and waste products filtered from?
The kidney
How are toxins and waste products taken out of the body?
Via urine
What is excretion?
The process by which an organism eliminates the waste products of their chemical activities and any substances in excess
What give carbon dioxide a waste product of?
Respiration
Where is urea produced and what is it’s role?
Urea is produced by liver cells to breakdown excess amino acids
What does the liver convert amino acids and glucose into?
Proteins and glycogen
What takes cleaned blood away from the kidneys?
The renal vein
What carries urine to the bladder?
The ureter
What stores urine?
The bladder
What brings waste blood to the kidneys?
The renal artery
What carries urine out of the body?
The urethra
What removes chemicals from the blood?
The kidneys
What is the cortex?
The brown, outer layer of a kidney
What is a medulla?
The red/brown inner region of a kidney
What is a nephron?
Part of the medulla that helps filter out waste products in the body
How many nephrons are there in the body?
Thousands!
Where does ultra filtration take place?
In the glomerus and Bowmans capsule
What is ultra filtration?
Everything small enough forced through the Bowmans capsule (Water, glucose, salts, urea and amino acids. NOT blood cells or proteins
What is the Bowman’s capsule?
A large bundle of blood vessels
What order does the waste products flow in starting with the glomerus and ending with the collecting duct?
Glomerus, Bowman’s capsule, Proximal convoluted tubule, Loop of Henle, Distal convoluted tubule, collecting duct
What is the fluid in the collecting duct?
Urine
What is kidney dialysis?
The separation of 2 solutions by a semi permeable membrane which cleans blood like a kidney woulkd
What are the positives and negatives of kidney dialysis?
P - Cheaper than transplant
N - Frequent visits to hospital to clean blood
What are the positives and negatives of a kidney transplant?
P - Saves you time instead of having to go to the hospital
N - long waiting lists, finding a suitable donor, expensive
