Human infertility

Question 1

female infertility defects (3)

Answer 1

(1) irregular ovulation or anovulation
(2) reduced secretion of FSH and LH
(3) extreme athletic activity and stress

Question 2

Female infertility: PCOS

Answer 2

• too little FSH

Question 3

female abnormalities: (4)

Answer 3

(1) fibroids
(2) absence of uterus
(3) excessive scar tissue
(4) fallopian tube defects

Question 4

excessive scar tissue cause by surgery

Answer 4

Asherman’s syndrome

Question 5

Mayer-rok-Ku-Hauser syndrome

Answer 5

congential uterine developmental anomalies

Question 6

excessive scar tissue

Answer 6

STIs

Question 7

azoospermia

Answer 7

no sperm cells

Question 8

oligospermia

Answer 8

few sperm cells

Question 9

abnormal sperm count and function: (2)

Answer 9

1. hormonal abnormalities HPT

2. high testis temp

Question 10

causes high testis temperature due to a enlarged fluid filled vein

Answer 10

varicocele

Question 11

by what age, over half of ovulated oocytes are aneuploid and unable to support normal embryonic development

Answer 11

age 40

Question 12

early menopuase

Answer 12

onset before age 40

Question 13

Success rate of ____ is similar to fertile population until mid 30’s

Answer 13

IVF

Question 14

unexplained infertility

Answer 14

25-30%

Question 15

Fertility Drugs (5)

Answer 15

1. clomiphene citrate
2. hCG, a LH mimetic
3. hMG- mix of FSH and LH
4. GnRH
5. FSH

Question 16

inexpensive, orally-administered blocks estrogen receptors in the hypothalamus

Answer 16

clomiphene citrate

Question 17

key use of clomiphene

Answer 17

used to regulate ovulation or induce ovulation in women who are anovulatory

Question 18

mimics the LH surge

Answer 18

hCG

Question 19

mix of LH and FSH

Answer 19

hMG

Question 20

tx. requires monitoring of follicle size by ultrasound and blood estrogen levels

Answer 20

hMG

Question 21

____ and ____ stimulate the ovaries to produce multiple dominant in one cycle

Answer 21

FSH and LH

Question 22

what do you for women who did not have a success with clomiphene citrate FSH and LH and do not produce enough?

Answer 22

Give hMG

Question 23

patients that are anovulatory because of abnormaltities in both FSH and LH release or no Gonadotropin release?

Answer 23

GnRH

Question 24

administered at 90 minute intervals by a special drug delivery pump system?

Answer 24

GnRH

Question 25

to trigger multiple ovulations like in IVF

Answer 25

hCG

Question 26

used for couples with unexplained inertility, minimal male infertility factors and women with cervical mucus abnormalities

Answer 26

IUI- intrauterine insemination

Question 27

to remove surface glycoproteins and seminal proteins

Answer 27

sperm is washed

Question 28

when are embryos placed in the uterus in IVF?

Answer 28

if embryos have a normal, healthy appearance w/ 8 blastomeres

Question 29

what do embryologust looks for in a fertilized oocytes to check if normal fertilization occurred?

Answer 29

2 pronuclei

Question 30

in which sperm is injected directly into an egg to facilitate fertilization

Answer 30

ICSI

Question 31

bypasses calcium pulse which might increase chance of obesity, diabetes

Answer 31

ICSI

Question 32

Key use: PCOS (low FSH)

Answer 32

inject with FSH

Question 33

____ number of embryos is transferred to avoid multiple gestations

Answer 33

smallest