Human Geography Places

Question 1

What is a place

Answer 1

A place can be a physical location or an actual concept

Question 2

What is in place

Answer 2

There can be a large number of people (population)
Can have large industrial scene
Increasing number of people
Can bring an emotional reaction

Question 3

What are the main characteristics of a place

Answer 3

PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY-altitude,aspect, geology
DEMOGRAPHY-number of inhabitants, their gender and ethnicity
SOCIO-ECONOMIC-employment income family status
CULTURAL-religion local traditions local clubs
POLITICAL-local,regional and national government, resident associations
BUILT ENVIRONMENT-age and style of buildings including building materials infrastructure

Question 4

Perception of a place Factors influences Big 5

Answer 4

Age
Gender
Sexuality
Religion
Role

Question 5

Perception of a place Factors influences - Age

Answer 5

People’s perception of a place changes as they GET OLDER
e.g A playground in Hatfield can be perceived as fun activity for a YOUNG CHILD
While a TEENAGER might see it as an anti-social environment

Question 6

Perception of a place Factors influences - Gender

Answer 6

In different societies the roles of men and women have REFLECTED in the way the two groups can move around an the types of places they can use
E.g Certain places may be perceived as UNSAFE dependent on their gender-isolated areas at night

Question 7

Perception of a place Factors influences -Sexuality

Answer 7

Sexuality can influence the way in which people use places.
E.g LGBTQ zones in cities will be perceived as more friendly and approachable for those part of that community
However areas/places where this community is persecuted or is seen moral will be perceived as dangerous for those part of that community-Qatar

Question 8

Perception of a place Factors influences -Religion

Answer 8

Religion can influence a place through certain sites carrying a spiritual presence-places of Pilgrimage

Question 9

Perception of a place Factors influences -Role

Answer 9

The role you have In society can influence perception of a place
For example you are likely to act different in a shopping centre with friends than you are with parents.

Question 10

Globalisation

Answer 10

The increasing INDEPENDENCE AND INTERCONNECTEDNESS of the world socially economically politically and culturally

Question 11

Global village

Answer 11

The idea that the world has become smaller not in a physical sense but because of the great interconnectedness

Question 12

Time-space compression

Answer 12

A set of processes leading to a shrinking world caused by reductions in the relative distance between places e,g shipping by planes

Question 13

Advantages of time-space compression

Answer 13

People such as stockbrokers can benefit from time-space as they will feel comfortable with the changes brought about by more and faster interconnections.

Question 14

Disadvantages of time -spaces compressions

Answer 14

Some people may feel a sense of DISLOCATION from the place they grew up,in or currently live in E,g Immigrants from LIDCs to an AC will have the issue of border control

Question 15

Diaspora

Answer 15

a population that is scattered across regions which are SEPARATE FROM its geographic PLACE OF ORIGIN

Question 16

Kurds

Answer 16

People without their own state

Question 17

Kurdistan

Answer 17

Crosses across 4 Middle Eastern Countries- Iraq Syria Armenia Iran

Question 18

Spatial inequality

Answer 18

The UNEQUAL distribution of factors of INCOMD EDUCATION HEALTH across a geographic space

Question 19

Quality of life

Answer 19

The extent to which peoples needs and desires( social physical psychological) are met
-do they have equal rights
Do they reasonable access to services( healthcare education leisure

Question 20

Standard of living

Answer 20

ability to access services and goods I.e good and water clothes housing and personal mobility

Question 21

Measuring social inequality-income

Answer 21

World Bank definition:$1.25/dayPPP (purchasing powere parity).
A person unable to afford to buy minimum amount of food and non-food essentials such as clothes and shelter.
Use of Relative poverty helpful as it relates level of poverty to distribution of income in whole population5

Question 22

Measuring social inequality-income Example USA Poverty

Answer 22

USA uses a poverty threshold to differentiate between poor and non-poor

Question 23

Measuring social inequality-Housing

Answer 23

Being able to afford accommodation of an adequate standard.
Housing tenure is not a way of showing inequality ACs (Advanced Country) TENURE is achieved by borrowing money through MORTGAGE-this is paid back
Meanwhile in LIDCs Tenure is more complex especially in Slum areas

Question 24

Measuring social inequality-Education

Answer 24

Contrasts in literacy levels give an indication of inequality in education. Literacy is the ability to read and write at basic levels
Globally there are clear contrast among countries literacy levels

Question 25

Measuring social inequality-Health care

Answer 25

Access to health care and levels of ill-health are closely associated with social inequality.
This can be done by measuring the number of healthcare professionals and doctor ps per 1000 people

Question 26

Measuring social inequality- Health care Example

Answer 26

Uk measure the unequal access to health care in the country

Question 27

Measuring social inequality-Employment

Answer 27

Scale of unemployment is one way of measuring
In ACs they case that RURAL areas have average incomes below those in town/cities
In LIDCs many people work in the INFORMAL SECTOR of the economy

Question 28

How/Why Social inequalities vary on Spatial patterns - Wealth

Answer 28

-the cost of living is an important consideration for role of wealth I.e if person income increases but cost of food,housing clothing exceeds income then person is less well-off
-lack of formal qualifications and low skill sets are major obstacles to raising income and reducing social inequality
-high Disposable Income

Question 29

How/Why Social inequalities vary on Spatial patterns-Housing

Answer 29

Quality of accommodation significant influence on social inequality
Smaller the income of home the less choice of housing there is
Poor quality housing creates ill health
Homelessness growing problem in ACs (squatting illegally)
ACs affordability of housing contributes to social inequality

Question 30

How/Why Social inequalities vary on Spatial patterns-Health

Answer 30

Access to medical services:distribution of healthcare services is uneven
Sub standard housing, poor diet, unhealthy lifestyles contribute to poor health