Human Geography Case Study - Changing Spaces Lympstone Toxteth Flashcards
Toxteth-Natural Characteristics
inner city area of Liverpool
Undlating land rising from River Mersey
Position by River Mersey was good for fishing;
Toxteth-Past Characteristics
Saxons established settlement in Toxteth (1086)
16th century areas status changed for farming opened up for FARMING
Port Industry grew in 18th and 19th century (CONTRIBUTED by TRANS ATLANTIC Trade
Industrial Revolution Increased Port Growth
Toxteth Built-environment 18th century to Early 19th century
Large Georgian Huses during 18th/19th century (rich slave merchants would have lived there)
Greenfield Site built for GROWING MIDDLE CLASS in 19th century to create esaier access to city sector with growing service sector
Toxteth Built-environment Late 19th century- Mid20th century
Demands for Spcae from HOUSING/INDUSTRY- meant
Toxteth filled up with CHEAP POORLY CONSTRUCTED HOUSING (LOWTERRACED)
High DENSITY houses Contirbuted to Disease OUTBREAK -Cholera TYPHOID
Large Groups Middle Class EMMIGRATED (EXODUS)/RELOCATED to GREENFIELD SITES on the Edge of Area
Over 150 YEAR PERIOD RURAL AREAS in Toxteh REPLACED with Built environemnt
SMALL RURAL COMMUNITY to an INNERCITY SUBURB
Toxteth Present day Characteristics- ETHNIC Demography
Large Histroy of IMMIGRATION
78.6% Caucasiaon and 21.6% Ethnic Minority
7%Black AFRICAN CARRIBBEAN
8%ASIAN
Post SECOND WORLD WAR-1960s/1970s CHEAP HOUSING and Large ECONOMIC ACTIVITY - Attracted IMMIGRANTS
19th century -LARGE INFLUX of IRISH MIGRANTS’
Toxteth Present day Characteristics-AGE Demography
Toxteh has low amount of ELDERLY RESIDENTS
majority being between 16-64
16-64 is 75.5% COMPARED to Britains 64.8%
Residents older than 65 was 10.6% COMPARED to Britains 16.3%
Toxteth Present day Characteristics-CULTURAL Local SCALE
Major MUSLIM FESTIVALS celerbrated such as EID and RAMADAM
Black African Carribean Communitites have DISTINCTIVE FORMS of WORSHIP which differ to TRADITIONAL ENGLISH
Greek ORTHODX CHURCHES established since the 19th century
Toxteth Present day Characteristics-SOCIO-ECONOMIC FACTORS
16 and over with NO FORMAL QUALIFICATIONS is 27.2% COMPARED to BRITAINS 22.5% (Suggest POORLY FUNDED SCHOOLS )
NO ACcces to a CAR is 54.45 COMPARED to BRITAINS IS 25.6% (SUGGEST LOW DISPOSABLE INCOME0
OWNING their HOME is ONLY 24% COMPARED TO BRITAINS 64.5% 9 (SUGGESTS LOW INCOME/WAGES)
Toxteth Present day Characteristics-CAUSES SOCIO-ECONOMIC FACTORS
DEINDUSTRILISATION during 1970S 1980S with CONTARNERISATION of (result of ADVANCES IN TRANSPORT)-GLOBALISATION
MEANT LESS DOCK WORKERS required
LARGE UNEMPLOYMENT particularly among the BLACK COMMUNITY
Toxteth Presnt Day Characteristics -Political
TOXTETH part of the RIVERSIDEWARD one of the 30 WARDS making up LIVERPOOL CITY COUNCIL-holds NATIONAL GOVERNMENT INFLUENCE
Community groups-INfluence TOXTETH area t a LOCAL SCALE through REGENERATION
Toxteth Presnt Day Characteristics -Shifting Flows Resources Changing a Local Place
Since 1980s INITIATIVES have been made to REMAKE TOXTETH
MERSEYSIDE DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION Regenerated FORMER DOCK AREAS
into MAJOR ART GALLERY - BOOS CULTURAL TOURISM
Liverpool Science Park opened in 20l3 to SUPPORT GROWTH OF KNOWLEDGE ECONOMY IN LIVERPOOL
EU FUNDING through STRUCTURAL/INVESTMENT STRATEGIES have helped REGENERATE LIVERPOOL PROFILE-E.g City LOW CARBON sector INCREASED EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES (with OFFSHORE WIND TECHNOLOGY)
Lympstone-Natural Characteristics
Village in East Devon
Found on East Bank of River EXE
Occupies of small village WOTTON BAY cut through RED BRECCIA CLIFFS -mark EDGE OF RIVER EXE
Extensive TIDAL MUDLFATS extend into EUSTARY 1.5KM
Lympstone Past Characteristics- 11th century to 13th century
Saxon Established forcing Celtics out
13th Century - OPERATED as a SMALL PORTS under EXETER having TRADING LINKS with FRANCE across THE CHANNEL
Lympstone Past Characteristics- 19th Century 20th century
SHIPBUILDING INDUSTRY THRIVED in 19th century
FISHING INDUSTRY also THRIVED -SHELLFISH/MUSSELS
By 1840s Tourism became prevalent- with WEALTHY VICTORIAN Families from Exeter being ATTRACTED TO ‘Being by the sea’- Built Environment having VICTORIAN INFLUENCE with ACCOMMODATION
1861- Railway established- improved INTERCONNECTEDNESS
Improved SHELLFISH INDUSTRY
BY 20TH CENTURY- Became a DORMITORY SETTLEMENT(people live there but travel elsewhere for work)-Change to Built ENVIRONMENT- SEMI DETACHED HOUSING MODERN HOUSING
Lympstone-Present Day Characteristics ETHNIC Demography
Ethnic HOMOGENEOUS 99% CAUCASIAN 1% Non-White
1960s -1970s ECONOMIC ACTIVITY DOMINATED BY AGRICULTURE/TOURISM-LACK OF EMPLOYMENT for Migrants
