Human Geog Test 3

Question 1

Chapter 8

Question 2

Cities share Common Elements

Answer 2

Centre on culture and economic core
- Central Business District: social, ommerical, political and cultural hub.
- Boundaries expand over time

Other Elements
- Residential areas
- employment areas
- Mixed use developments

Question 3

Variations of Cities Reflect

Answer 3

• Culture/politics in planning
• Different economic and social status
• Economic changes

Massive change has been subrubans

Question 4

Urban Structure
- Six Types
- Variations

Answer 4

Arrangement of land uses.
1. Residential
2. Commercial
3. Industrial
4. Institutional
5.Recreation
6.Transport

Variations in Land use
- Low density suburban area - single famliy homes
- High denisty - condo towers

Population density
- Highest in centre
- Highest cost at centre.

Question 5

Modelling the North American City
- Three Models

Answer 5

Created by Chicago scholars via observations
1. Concentric Zone
2. Sector Model
3. Multiple Nuclei Model

Question 6

Concentric Zone
- Five Ring Zones

Answer 6

Canadian -Ernest Burgess 1925
- Focus on residential land use
- Rich lived further from CBD - better housing - longer commutes

Created 5 Zones
1. CBD
2. Transition zone (blue collar, cheap residential costs, poor immigrants)
3. Older homes (working class families, short commutes)
4. New homes (middle class, loneger commute)
5. Wealthy residents (big houses, long commutes)

As inner zones expand, so do the outer zones.

Question 7

Sector Model

Answer 7

Homer Hoyt 1939
- Modification of concentric model as insuffiecent to describe land use.
- Distance and direction from CBD important for land use.
- City expands in sectors/wedges and not just rings
- Transportation corridors aaround infrastructure designed wedges
- Once land use est. growth goes outwards like a wedge.

E.g., New rich neighborhood developed, most expensive houses built on outside, expansion cont.

Question 8

Multiple Nuclei Model