Human Diseases Flashcards
Tuberculosis
Caused by: Bacteria
Symptoms: Destroys lung tissue and supresses immune system - body is unable to fight disease
Cure: antibiotics
Preventable: vaccination and improved living standards
Bacterial meningitis
mainly affects children + teens 15-19 + 10% infected will die
25% of those who recover will have permanent damage
Caused by: Bacteria
What happens: Bacteria infects the meninges of the brain
Symptoms: blothcy red/purple rash - does not dissapear when glass is pressed against it - symptoms of septicaemia
Cure: Antibiotics if delivered early
Preventable: vaccination
aquired immunodeficiency syndrome
HIV/AIDS
Caused by: Virues
What happens: virus targets immune systems T helper cells + destrosy immune system - leaves host vulnerable to other diseases
Symptoms: More vulnerable to other disease/illness
Cure: No cure or vaccine
Prevention: anti-retroviral drugs slow disease progress
Influenza
Caused by: Virus
What happens: infects cilliated epithelium in the gas exchange system - kills them and leaves airway open to secondary infection
Symptoms: fever, headache, cough, acheing
Cure: No cure
Prevention: flu vaccine to protect against changing strains (A.B.C)
Malaria
Over 600,000 ppl die per year from malaria
Caused by:protoctista
What happens: parasite infects the red blood cells, liver, brain when female mosquito lays eggs
Symptoms: fever, coughing, vommitting, diarrhoea
Cure: limitted cures and no vaccine
prevention: destroying vector (mosquito) - insecticides, nets, standing water removal, long sleeved clothing, window and door screens
Ring worm
Caused by: fungus
What happens: fungus infects skin
Symptoms: circular area of skin covered in grey-white infectious crust, may be itchy
Cure: Antifungal creams
Prevention: foot hygiene and keeping feet dry
Athletes foot
Caused by: fungus
What happens: a form of ring worm grows on and digests the warm most skin between the toes
Symptoms: cracking and scaling - may be itchy and sore
Cure: antifungal creams
Prevention: foot hygiene and keeping feet dry
zootonic influenza
the virus is constantly mutating to create new strains
Caused by: virus
what happens: human scatch influenza from animals
Symptoms: fever, headache, cough, acheing
Cure: no cure
Prevention: vaccines
Ring rot
can destroy up to 80% of crop
Caused by: bacteria
What happens: infects leaves, tubers, fruit
Symptoms: damages leaves, tubers and fruits
Cure: no cure
After infection, crop field cannot be used again for at least 2 years
TMV
Caused by: virus
What happens: infects tabacco plants and 150 other species
Symptoms: damages leaves, flowers, fruits -> stunts growth and reduces yeilds
Cure: no cure
Prevention: resistant crop strains are available
Potato blight
Caused by: fungus-like protoctist
What happens: hyphae penetrate host cells
Symptoms: destroys leaves, tubers and fruit
Cure: no cure
prevention: resistant strains available, chemical treatment, careful management
Black sigatoka
can lead to 50% yield decrease
Caused by: fungus
whats happens: fungus attacks and destroys the leaves. Hyphae penetrate and digest cells turning leaves black
symptoms: black leaves,
Cure: no cure
prevention: good husbandry, fungicide, restistant strains being developed
