Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Year 2 Psych exam I > Human Development and Growth, Brandt > Flashcards

Human Development and Growth, Brandt Flashcards

1
Q

key points in development

A 
emotional well being
eriksons stages personality development
piagets stages cognitive development
stranger and separatino anxiety
object permanence
attachment
temperament
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

growth faltering (failure to thrive)

A

infants whose weight height and head circumference are below age related growth norms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what environment can cause failure to thrive in an infant

A

disturbed parent-child relationship
unhappy marriage or parental psychological disturbance
may cause lasting cognitive and emotional difficulties

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

crisis and strength of infancy

A

crisis: basic trust vs basic mistrust
strength: hope

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

crisis and strength of early childhoof

A

crisis: autonomy vs shame and doubt
strength: will

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

crisis and strength of play age

A

crisis: initiative vs guilt
strength: purpose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

crisis and strength of school age

A

industry vs inferiority

strength: competence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

crisis and strength of adolescence

A

identity vs role confusion

strength: fidelity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

crisis and strength of young adulthood

A

intimacy vs isolation

strength: love

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

crisis and strength of adulthood

A

generativity vs stagnation

strength: care

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

crisis and strength of old age

A

integrity vs despair

strength: wisdom

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is the trust vs mistrust stage

A

infancy

depends on how well needs are met by caregiver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is the autonomy vs shame and doubt stage

A

toddlers
develop independence and autonomy if allowed to explore
shame or doubt if restricted and overprotected

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

stanger anxiety

A

infants when encountering unfamiliar person

8-10 mo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

separation anxiety

A

distress when customary care provider departs 6-8 mo and peaks 14-18 mo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

object permanence

A

understanding that objects continue to exist when out of sight
complete by 8-12 mo and established by 12-18 mo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

incomplete object permanence looks like what

A

children look for item where it was last seen instead of using interference to find where it has been moved

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

attachment

A

when attached to give person feel pleasure when with them and comforted by their prescence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Ainsworth strange situation

A

staged episodes that illustrate strength of attachment between child and (typically) his or her mother

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Secure attachment pattern

A

style of attachment in which children use the mother as a kind of home base and are at ease when she is present; when she eaves they become upset and go to her as soon as she returns

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

milestones for toddlers 18 mo to 2 yr

A

start to move away from primary caregiver
2 yr olds say “NO”
rapproachement: run off but quickly return to mom

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what can cause reactive attachment disorder of infancy/early childhood

A

really poor care of abuse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

types of attachment disorder of infancy/early childhood

A

inhibited: child withdrawn or unresponsive
disinhibited: child approaches and cuddles up to strangers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

goal of Tx with reactive attachment disorder of infancy

A

help them form a bond to one caregiver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Temperament
patterns of arousal and emotionality that represent consistent and enduring characteristics in an individual
26
types of attachment
avoidant secure ambivalent disorganized disoriented
27
avoidant attachment classification
low- seek proximity with caregiver low- maintain contact with caregiver high- void proximity with caregiver low- resist contact with caregiver
28
secure attachment classification
high- seek proximity high- maintain contact low- avoid low- resist
29
ambivalent attachment classification
high- seek proximity high- maintain contact low- avoid high- resist
30
disorganized disoriented attachment classification
inconsistent in all categories
31
What are the dimensions of temperament
``` activity level approach-withdrawal adaptability quality of mood attention span and persistence distractibility rhythmicity intensity reaction threshold responsiveness ```
32
What are the dimensions of temperament
``` activity level approach-withdrawal adaptability quality of mood attention span and persistence distractibility rhythmicity intensity reaction threshold responsiveness ```
33
easy babies
babies with positive disposition, body functions to operate regularly and are adaptable
34
difficult babies
negative moods and slow to adapt to new situations
35
slow to warm babies
babies who are inactive, calm reactions to environment | moods negative and withdraw from new situations
36
goodness of fit
development is dependent on degree of match between childrens temperament and nature and demands of environment
37
characteristic of development least related to attachment to caregiver
temperament
38
initiative versus guilt stage
chilren 3-6 y.o | experience conflict between independence of action and sometimes negative results of that action
39
functional vs constructive play
functional-repetitive activities of 3 y.o constructive- manipulate objects to produce or build something (tests physical and cognitive skills and practice fine muscle movements)
40
make believe play
children grow cognitively and learn about important activites in culture toddlers need encouragement to participate in imaginative make-believe play mothers and siblings play important role
41
preschooler theory of mind
understand other have emotions can distinguish between something in their minds and physical actuality at end of preschool years solve false belief problems
42
preschooler theory of mind
understand other have emotions can distinguish between something in their minds and physical actuality at end of preschool years solve false belief problems
43
4 facotrs influencing cognitive behavior of Piagets theory
maturation nervous system experience social transmission of information equilibration
44
describe equilibration as piagets theory
innate tendency for mental growth to progress to increasingly complexity and stability
45
stages of piaget
sensorimotor (first 2 yr) preoperational (2-6) concrete (6-11) formal (11+)
46
what are the components of sensorimotor stage cognitive development
``` language acquisition symbolic reasoning egocentrism transductive thinking magical thinking ```
47
what are the components of concrete operations stage of cognitive development
``` logical cause/effect thinking reversibility of events social speech ability to take others point of view conservation of volume and quantity rigid interpretation of the rules ```
48
what are the components of formal operational thinking in cognitive development
``` abstract reasoning more elaborate information processing metacognitive capacity can grasp probabilities hypothetical thinking ```
49
piagets definition of symbolic function
ability to use mental symbol, word or object to represent something that is not physically present
50
piagets opinion of language
allows children to think beyond the present to the future
51
concept of centration
concentrating on one limited aspect of a stimulus and ignoring other aspects
52
concept of conservation
knowledge that quantity is unrelated to arrangement and physical appearance of objects (preschoolers don't understand that changes in appearance does not mean change in quantity)
53
concept of conservation
knowledge that quantity is unrelated to arrangement and physical appearance of objects (preschoolers don't understand that changes in appearance does not mean change in quantity)
54
transformation
process whereby one state changed into another
55
egocentric thought
thinking that does not take viewpoints of others into account
56
intuitive thought
thinking that reflects preschoolers use of primitive reasoning and their avid acquisition of knowledge about the world
57
what are the developments in school age children
``` eriksons freud and piaget coping with illness self concept fears and anxieties ```
58
industry vs inferiority
industry: developing sense of competence at useful skills and tasks inferiority: pessimism and lack of confidence in own ability to do things well. family environment, teachers and peers can contribute
59
freuds opinion of 7-11 y.o
latency, easy time for most kids
60
when do children develop concept of conservation according to piaget
7-11 y.o
61
self concept in middle childhood
refined, perspective taking | real self vs ideal self
62
fears and nxieties in middle childhood
fear of dark, thunder, lightning, supernatural beings | fear of real life personal harm
63
school phobia
5-7 yr: separation | 11-13: particular aspects of school
64
identity vs role confusion in adolescence
identity: who you are and your direction in life "identity crisis" role confusion: lack of direction and restricted exploration unprepared for stages of adulthood
65
what is hypothetical deductive reasoning
deducing hypotheses from a general theory
66
consequences of adolescence cognitive changes
self consciousness idealism and criticism planning and decision making- overwhelming

Year 2 Psych exam I (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions