Development Disability, Brandt Flashcards
what is intellectual disability
deficits in intellecutal functions such as reasoning, problem solving, planning, abstract thinking, judgement, academic learning, learning from experience confirmed by intellectual testing and clinical eval
how is intellectual disability Dc
failure to meet developmental and sociocultural standards for independence and responsibility
levels of intellectual disability
mild IQ: 50 to 55-70
mod IQ: 35 to 40-50 to 55
severe IQ: 20 to 25-35 to 40
profound: level below 20 to 25
syndromes with intellectual disability
downs
tay sach
untreated PKU
fragile X syndrome
signs of downs
single palmar transverse crease protruding tongue flat facies small ears thick neck
chromosome fragile X
Xq27
males more: severe delayed cognitic abilities, behavior problems, hand flapping, large ears, elongated faces, enlarged testicles
clinical management intellectual disability
placement issues
supportive counseling and training in behavioral techniques for family
medication management
learning disorders
inability to achieve in a specific area of learning at a level consistent with person’s overall IQ
reading math, written expression
learning disorders
inability to achieve in a specific area of learning at a level consistent with person’s overall IQ
reading math, written expression
learning disorders also comorbid with what
oppositional defiant disorder mood disorder substance abuse ADHD truancy
Tx for learning disorders
remedial instruction
supportive counseling for child and family
autistic spectrum disorder
impaired social interactions
impaired ability to communicate
restricted range of activites and interests
onset autism
first 3 yeras of life
demographic autism
10-15 / 10,000
boys 4X more likely than girls
no link to toxins, vaccines etc
good prognostic indicators for autism
higher IQ and better language and social skills
asperger syndrome
good verbal language
milder nonverbal language problems
restricted range of interests and relationships
often engage in repetitive routines
etiology of autism spectrum disorder
brain dysfunction with abnormalities in brain structure
abnormalities in NT like serotonin and dA
genetics may play role
what helps patients with autistic spectrum disorders
well structured classroom and home routines
individualized instruction
behavior modification techniques
Retts syndrome
girls>boys
normal development to age 4
dec social verbal and cognitive skills, hand wringing, ataxia, dec IQ
Childhood disintegrative disorder
rare condition, normal development to age 2-10 then lose skills
boys>girls
age of onset for feeding and eating disorder of infancy or early childhood. Sx?
onset before age 6
apathetic
temperament, intrauterine growth retardation, pre-existing developmental impairments
girls=boys
tic disorder spectrum
tourettes
chronic motor or vocal tic disorder
transient tic disorder
tourettes
5-30/10,000 children
onset 6-7 y.o
boys 3-5x>girls
lifelong or resolve with adulthood
what are the vocal and motor tics in tourettes
motor: acial grimacing or blinking
vocal: barking, profanity, grunting
Tx tourettes
antipsychotics
transient tic disorder
single or multiple motor or vocal tics for no longer than 12 months
Separation anxiety disorder
fear of loss of major attachment figure
complain of physical Sx so not leave mom
Tx separation anxiety disorder
SSRI, antidepressants
important Hx for separation anxiety disorder
anxiety disorders run in family
important Hx for separation anxiety disorder
anxiety disorders run in family
