Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Year 2 Psych exam I > Dementias, MacIntyre > Flashcards

Dementias, MacIntyre Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
GRE® Psychology flashcards Psychology 101 flashcards
1
Q

top 3 causes of dementia

A

alzheimers
vascular
lewy body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

majority dementia presents when

A

> 90 y.o

15-20% >85 y.o

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

dementia reclassified as

A

neurocognitive disorders

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is essential in Dx dementia

A

not due to delirium or other mental Dx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

major vs mild dementia

A

major interferes with ADLs (not independent)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what cognitive domains decline in dementia

A 
complex attention
executive function
learning/memory
language
perceptual motor
social cognition
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what cognitive domains decline in dementia

A 
complex attention
executive function
learning/memory
language
perceptual motor
social cognition
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

signs of dementia

A 
aphasia
agnosia
apraxia
progressive onset
no clouding of consciousness
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

which dementia can have clouding of consciousness

A

lewybody

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

NT in alzheimers

A

cholinergic neurons loss

dec Ach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

avoid what medsin dementia

A

anticholinergics!!!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

medical workup in dementia

A 
VITAL signs
Hx and PE
cognitive testing
labs
neuroimaging when indicated
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what labs to order for dementia

A

CBC, CMP, HIV/Syphilis tests, ammonia, thyroid, B12/Folate, UA, EKG, CXR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

differential in dementia

A

delirium
pseudodementia
benign senescent forgetfullness
medical illness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what are reversible dementias

A 
B12 deficiency
folate deficiency
tumor
infection
subdural hematoma
NPH
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

autopsy findings alzheimers

A

atrophy and enlarged ventricles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

risk factors for alzheimers

A 
downs APP
female sex
head trauma Hx
lower education level
ApoE alleles
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what chromosomes may be assoc with alzheimers

A

1, 14, 21

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what alleles assoc with alzheimers

A

ApoE e4 increase

ApoE e2 protective

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

accumulation of what in alzheimer

A

amyloid plaques and tau tangles

21
Q

plaqu in alzheimer

A

APP amyloid B42

22
Q

tangles in alzheimer

A

phosphorylated tau

intracell accumulation

23
Q

clinical signs of alzheimers

A

behavioral
psychosis! depression, agitation!!!!
sundowning (wander at night)

24
Q

careful Tx alzhemier because

A

elderly are sensitive to side effects etc

start low go slow

25
Q

Tx alzheimer drug classes

A 
ACHEI
memantine (NMDA R blocker)
antipyschotics
valproic acid
SSRI
26
Q

ACHEI used in alzheimer

A

donepezil
rivastigmine
galantamine

27
Q

avoid benzos why in alzheimer

A

inc risk dementia
INC risk for falls!!!
addiction
cannot detox elderly who are addicted

28
Q

vascular dementia

A

onset relates to CVA and decline prominent in complex attention and frontal/executive function

29
Q

demographics vascular dementia

A

more common in men

abrupt onset step wise decline

30
Q

clinical signs vascular dementia

A

dysrhythmia, murmurs, bruits,

31
Q

risk factors for vascular dementia

A

smoking, BP, glucose, aspirin

32
Q

Tx vascular dementia

A

control risk factors

can try ACHEI

33
Q

Presentation frontotemporal dementia

A

insidious onset/gradual progression
behavioral or language types
**overreaction!!

34
Q

demographics frontotemporal dementia

A

men>women
usually in 50s
earlier onset

35
Q

Tx frontotemporal dementia

A

ACHEI or mood stabilizers(aggression)

36
Q

Lewy Body dementia overlaps with

A

PD

37
Q

signs of lewy body dementia

A

psychosis (visual hallucinations!!!)
parkinosonian features
fluctuating mental function looks like delirium
paradoxical antipsychotic Tx reaction!!!

38
Q

what is the paradoxical antipsychotic Tx reaction

A

inc psychosis and inc side effects with Tx ine lewy body

39
Q

CJD

A

prion disease
clonus, ataxia, biomarker evidence
triphasic waves on EEG
Tx supportive, rapidly fatal

40
Q

Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy marked by

A

impulsivity, dysarthria, emotional lability

41
Q

Tx CTE

A

ACHEI
valproic acid
sSRI
avoid anticholinergics!

42
Q

abulia

A

lack of motivation, seen in HD

43
Q

what funciton go away first in HD

A

complex tasks

memory and language later

44
Q

Tx HD

A

antipsychotics, ACHEI, mood stabilizers, SSRI

45
Q

PD accumulates what

A

alpha synuclein or tau protein in substantia nigra

have lewy bodies

46
Q

Tx PD

A

dopaminergic agents—- can cause psychosis!!!

47
Q

how to distinguish lewy body and PD

A

PD requires cognitive decline >1 year Dx of PD

48
Q

dementia from HIV

A

neurtoxicity of HIV macrophages

49
Q

dementia in MS

A

can be seen, multiple lesions everywhere!!

Year 2 Psych exam I (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions