human development: adolescence

Question 1

erikson’s stage 5 of identity vs confusion

Answer 1

who am I?
in adolescence
can make deliberate decision/choices e.g. career and sexual orientation

Question 2

describe stage 4 of piagets cognitive development

Answer 2

formal operational period
11+ years
can think from concrete to abstract
solve hypothetical propositions and deduce consequences (hypo-deductive)
capable of abstract logic and debate

Question 3

adolescent’s physiological concept of illness

Answer 3

Good understanding of
physiological causes and nature of illness (internal organs effected by different illnesses; cancer is when cells grow too fast); age 11+

Question 4

adolescent’s psychophysiological concept of illness

Answer 4

Illness can result from and be aggravated by physiological and psychological causes

Question 5

types of parenting styles

Answer 5

authoritative = demanding, controlling + acceptive, responsive
authoritarian = demanding, controlling + rejecting, unresponsive
indulgent = undemanding, uncontrolling + rejecting, unresponsive
neglectful = undemanding, uncontrolling + rejecting, unresponsive

Question 6

children of an authoritative parent is generally

Answer 6

Happy
Capable
Successful

Question 7

Child of an authoritarian parent is generally

Answer 7

Perform moderately-well in school
Few problem behaviors
Poorer social skills
Lower self-esteem

Question 8

Child of an indulgent parent is generally

Answer 8

More problem behaviors
Perform poorly in school
Higher self-esteem
Better social skills

Question 9

Child of a neglectful parent is generally

Answer 9

Lacks self-control
Low self-esteem
Less competent than their peers
Perform poorly in school

Question 10

physical effects of chronic illness/disability on adolescence

Answer 10

– Visible signs mark out adolescent from peers

– can lead to reduced self-esteem & self-image

Question 11

emotional effects of chronic illness/disability on adolescence

Answer 11

– lower levels of emotional well-being than peers

– can lead to feelings of alienation

Question 12

social, educational and vocational effects of chronic illness/disability on adolescence

Answer 12

More subtle; poor performance usually result of
absences due to ill health/hospitalizations can lead to
social isolation + poor educational attainment and
therefore more difficulty getting jobs/obtaining financial
independence

Question 13

strategies to address non compliance of treatment with adolescent

Answer 13

confidentiality
• Be non-judgmental; ask open-ended questions
• When asking about meds, indicate poor adherence is normal
• Explore knowledge; correct misunderstandings
• Educate about illness
• Negotiate short term goals

Question 14

how to improve treatment adherence in teens

Answer 14

Identify & discuss barriers
• Explain regimen & repeat instructions
• Give written instructions
• Avoid jargon
• Suggest reminders
get support from peers

Question 15

factors that influence sexual behaviour

Answer 15

social expectation from gender stereotypes
sexual partner
penalties and rewards from society
reputation

Question 16

consequences of pregnancy in teens

Answer 16

Young mothers are less likely to get prenatal care
• Babies born are more likely to be premature or underweight
• Death and injury rates are higher
greater risk of pregnancy induced hypertension, obstructed labour