human body

Question 1

what is the contraction for the gastrointestinal?

Answer 1

peristalsis (1 way direction)

Question 2

what are the accessory organs for the GI?

Answer 2

liver, gall bladder, and pancrease

Question 3

what do the teeth do?

Answer 3

mechanical breakdown (high surface area)

Question 4

what do the salivary glands do?

Answer 4

amylase (starch break down 1st/initial step)

Question 5

what does the tongue do?

Answer 5

mixes food w/ saliva and pushed bolus (chewed up food) to the back of the mouth

Question 6

what doss the esophagus do?

Answer 6

bolus movement to the stomach via peristalsis

Question 7

what does the stomach do?

Answer 7

mechanical digestion gastric glands —> release hydrogen chloride (HCl) and gastric protease

Question 8

what is the small intestine?

Answer 8

a convulated tube [folds on itself]

Question 9

glands w/in the small intestine secretes enzymes that digest:

Answer 9

proteins, lipids, & disaccharides

Question 10

what does the liver do?

Answer 10

produces bile that is stored w/in the gall bladder

Question 11

what is bile?

Answer 11

1) fat breakdown via emulsification
2) also neutralizes acidic food coming from the stomach

Question 12

what is pancreatic juice?

Answer 12

protease, lipase, and amylase

Question 13

what is a result of pancreatic juices with small intestinal enzyme?

Answer 13

complete chemical digestion

Question 14

what are villi?

Answer 14

finger-like projections

Question 15

what do the villi do?

Answer 15

they line the intestine and increase the surface area to absorb chemically broken down food (amino acids, fatty acids, disaccharides)

Question 16

what does each villi contain?

Answer 16

a lacteal

Question 17

what do lacteals do?

Answer 17

they absorb fatty acids and glycerol and dump them into the lymph of the lymphatic system.

Question 18

where is every other chemically digested food dumped into?

Answer 18

they are dumped into capillaries.

Question 19

☆ what are high amounts of glucose stored w/in the liver as?

Answer 19

they are stored as glycogen.

Question 20

☆ what happens when blood levels decrease?

Answer 20

the liver breaks down glycogen into glucose and adds it to the blood stream

Question 21

what is the size of the large intestine?

Answer 21

it is shorter and wider than the small intestine

Question 22

what is able to pass thru the large intestine?

Answer 22

indigestible food (roughage/fiber) and water

Question 23

what happens to the water in the large intestine?

Answer 23

it is re-absorbed from indigestible food which becomes feces