Human Body Flashcards
The part of the body including the head, neck and torso
Axial
Position where the person is lying on their back facing upwards
Supine
Pertaining to the neck region
Cervical
Abdominopelvic quadrant containing the gallbladder
Right upper quadrant
Term meaning farther from the trunk or torso
Distal
Bony cavity containing the eyeball
Orbital
Abdominopelvic region below the umbilicus
Hypogastric
Cavity containing the heart, lungs, oesophagus and aorta
Thoracic
Plane that divides the body lengthwise into left and right sections
Sagittal
Term for near or at the front of the body
Ventral
What is the term for nerve cells?
Neurons
What controls the operations of a cell?
Nucleus
These sorts of muscle tissues are found in the stomach, intestines and bladder:
Smooth or visceral muscle tissue
What is the term for a group of cells of similar function?
Tissues
Term describing the body’s structures?
Anatomy
What is the process of reproduction to create cells to permit sexual reproduction?
Meiosis
What is the smallest chemical unit in the body?
Atoms
Term for the study of the functions of the body’s structures?
Physiology
What is the smallest unit capable of independent existence in the body?
A cell (e.g. a single cell, not a cell called an A cell)
What is the term for duplication of cells for tissue repair and growth?
Mitosis
What is the correct order for structural organisation of the body? (5 steps - starting with ‘cell’)
- Cell
- Tissue
- Organ
- Body system
- Organism
Is homeostatis maintained through negative feedback, positive feedback or both?
Both
Name 2 causes of homeostatic imbalance:
- Stress
- Insufficient sleep
What is the general term for measurements of the body’s most basic functions? (2 words but 1 term)
Vital signs
The release of these from the nervous and endocrine systems mainly regulate homeostatis: (2 separate answers)
- Neurotransmitters (nervous system)
- Hormones (endocrine system)
Name the branch of medicine generally applicable to a patient of this age: 13
Paediatrics
Name the branch of medicine generally applicable to a patient of this age: 86
Geriatrics
Name the branch of medicine generally applicable to a patient of this age: 10 days old
Neonatology
What does TPR stand for?
(Context - initial examination of a patient who’s presented to the Emergency Department)
Temperature, Pulse, Respiration
What is the term for the scientific study of heredity?
Genetics
