human biology lab Flashcards
ligaments
bone to bone
tendons
bone to muscle
what connective tissue makes up ligaments and tendons?
collagen
what are the lines visible on skeletal muscles representing collections of muscle fibre?
sarcomeres
which organs are situated below the diaphragm
right: spleen & kidney
left: liver & kidney
which dome of the diaphragm higher?
left (due to liver below)
term for a single muscle cell
muscle fibre
how does the oesophagus move food to stomach?
via waves of peristalsis
what muscle allows for peristalsis?
- smooth muscle
- spindle shape
- involuntary contractions (start process of swallowing but cannot complete it)
function of the epiglottis?
stops food going down the trachea
why is the left lung smaller and only has 2 lobes?
- because of its smaller size
- heart is located slightly to the left
which 2 heart chambers does the tricuspid valve seperate?
right atrium to right ventricle
how many leaflets does the mitral valve have?
- 2
- 2 cusps -> bicuspid
what type of muscle consituates the myocardium?
cardiac muscle
which ventricle wall is thicker? why?
- left
- needs to pump blood to the rest of the body
heart chamber & major vessel
- superior & inferior vena cava = left atrium
- pulmonary veins = right atrium
- pulmonary trunk = right ventricle
- aorta = left ventricle (to body)
duodenum forms initial portion of which organ?
small intestine
why does the pancreas need to be close to the duodenum?
it secretes digestive enzymes into small intestine
which lobe of the liver is the largest?
right lobe
what colour is the gall bladder? why?
- black
- due to dead red blood cells
- bile contained in it
approximate diameter of the vena cava in the abdomen?
2cm
