Human Behavior-3 to 5 Years Flashcards
At what age does a child show begin to show empathy for a friend?
3 yrs
At what age can a child take turns in a game?
3 yrs
At what age does a child begin to understand “mine”, “hers” and “his”?
3 yrs
What can a 3-yr old draw?
a circle
At what age can a child begin to ride a tricycle?
3 years
At what age can a child begin to walk upstairs with alternating feet?
3 years
At what age can a child stand on one foot for about a second?
3 yrs
What can a 4-yr old draw?
a cross
What can a 4 1/2-yr old draw?
a square
What can a 5-yr old draw?
triangle
What can a 6-yr old draw?
box with lines through it
What can a 7-yr old draw?
diamond
At what age can a child begin to brush her own teeth?
4 yrs
At what age can a child begin to stand on one foot for about 3 seconds?
4 yrs
At what age can a child begin to draw a person with about 6 body parts?
5 yrs
At what age can a child begin to ride a bicycle without training wheels?
5 yrs
A child just learned to skip with alternating feet. How old is he?
5 yrs
What are epigenetics in the realm of psychology and child development?
the ability for the environment to dictate what traits are expressed in a child
What is Erikson’s developmental theory called?
Psychosocial
What is Piaget’s developmental theory called?
Cognitive
What is Kohlberg’s developmental theory called?
Moral
What is Freud’s developmental theory called?
Psychosexual
What is Erikson’s name for the stage of years 3-6? What virtue is associated with it and what is the most significant relationship?
Initiative vs. Guilt; virtue=PURPOSE; family relationships; {is it okay for me to do things?}
Which Piaget stage of development is associated with school-age children? What is involved?
Preoperational; ages 2-7; symbolic thinking, language and connection of words and actions; egocentrism/animism
What is EGOCENTRISM?
you only see how the world benefits you and not how it affects others (4-6 yrs); therefore children tend to blame themselves
What is ANIMISM and how does it show up?
it is applying anthropomorphic ideas to objects; playing with stuffed animals (4-6 yrs)
At what ages are children in Freud’s Oral Stage?
0-2 yrs (feeding)
At what ages are children in Freud’s Anal Stage?
2-3 yrs (potty training)
At what ages are children in Freud’s Phallic Stage?
3-7 yrs (difference between males and females)
What is the Oedipus complex and how is it fixed?
it is a boy’s jealousy of his father for being with his mother; the boy’s want to kill his dad but not; the boy’s fear his dad will seek revenge; the solution is the boy’s SUPEREGO, or his conscience
What is the Electra complex?
No matter what a girl does, she always ends up marrying someone like her father
What is Kohlberg’s first stage of development?
Pre-conventional morality; right and wrong determined by rewards/punishment (0-4 yrs); to help self
What is Kohlberg’s second stage of development?
Conventional morality; views of others matter–avoidance of blame and approval-seeking; society-driven (4-15 yrs)
What are the 3 questions of the “Make it Right” moral exercise?
(1) What did you do wrong?
(2) Why did it make mommy/daddy unhappy?/Why is it wrong?
(3) What will you do next time?
What is Goodness-of-Fit parenting?
takes parents to adapt to child’s innate behavior
What is a pre-schooler’s favorite question?
WHY??
How will ROUTINE contribute to a pre-schooler’s development?
limits anxiety
The dog a family has had for years just died. How does Timmy, age 4, process this information?
Does not yet understand that death is permanent so thinks dog will come back
At what age does Freud think a child’s conscience develops?
about age 6
At what age do children realize that death is final?
age 6 yrs
