HSC Core 2 - CQ4 How does the acquisition of skill affect performance? Flashcards
What are the three stages of skill acquisition?
Cognitive (understanding)
Associative (practice)
Autonomous (advanced)
How to memorise the elements of the stages of skill aqquisition?
Focus
Errors
Subroutines (kinaesthetic)
Process
Performance
Describe the cognitive stage
Focus of WHAT
Frequent + large errors (unable to recognise)
See, feel + exposure to movement (demo, picture)
Identify subroutines
Slow learning speed
Inefficient movements
Describe the Associative strage
Focus on HOW
Some errors (able to recognise)
PRACTICE = develop kinaesthetic sense
Faster and efficient movement
Set patterns to control (accuracy)
Describe the autonomous stage
Skills are reflective ∴ focus on other tasks (env, team, consis, accuracy)
Adaptation to conditions
Refine movement
Great sense of kinaesthetic
Manipulate env to respond to specific requirements of sit (consistency)
What are the characteristics of a leaner?
Personality
Heredity (genetics)
Confidence (balance +ive feedback and constructive)
Ability (to grasp new skills)
Prior experience (Lateral/vertical)
What are the learning environment?
Nature of the skill
The performance
Practice methods
Feedback
What is an opened/closed sport
Opened: unstable + unpredictable env
Closed: Stable + predictable env
What is a gross and fine motor sport?
Gross: Larger muscles
Fine: smaller muscle groups
What is a discrete, serial and continuous motor?
Discrete: distinct beg + end
Serial: Sequence of discrete (layup)
Continuous: No clear end or beg. (swimming)
What is a self-paced and externally paced sport?
Self-paced: Athlete controls timing + speed/force
External: Athletes not in control
What are the performance elements?
Decision making - build from prior exp.
Strategy - Where and what athletes should do at specific times
Tactic - Gaining advantage over opposing players
What are the four types of practice methods?
Mass
Distributed
Whole
Part
What are the different types of feedbacks?
Internal/external
Concurrent/delayed
Knowledge of result/performance
Why is feedback essential?
Correct technique is developed for LONG-TERM success
What are the assessment of skill and performance?
Characteristics of skilled performers
Objective and subjective performance measure
Validity and Reliability of tests
What are the characteristics of skilled performers?
Anticipation and timing - Take advantage by positioning quicker and time movements
Consistency - Skill is automatic
Kinaesthetic sense - Awareness and correction of errors
What are the objective performance measures?
Recorded independently, no argument or interpretations
Has a form of reliability
What are the objective performance measures?
Based on individual judgement + opinions
Judges allocate based on complexity and execution of the skill
What are the validity of tests?
The extent to on what is meant to be measured
What are the reliability of tests?
Ability to indicate consistency between TWO measures of the same skill
(eg dif weather conditions)
