HPL PRT02

Question 1

It is normally considered that the most serious stressor is?
Select one:

a. Personal injury or illness
b. Death of a spouse or partner
c. Martial separation
d. Loss of a job

Answer 1

b. Death of a spouse or partner

Question 2

What level of the vibration interferes with breathing ?

Select one:

a. 1 - 4 Hz
b. 4 - 10 Hz
c. 8 - 12 Hz
d. 10 - 20 Hz

Answer 2

a. 1 - 4 Hz

Question 3

Which perceptions below would lead to the greatest level of stress ?

Select one:

a. Difficult task Low ability/low arousal
b. Difficult task High ability/high arousal
c. Easy task Low ability/low arousal
d. Easy task High ability/high arousal

Answer 3

a. Difficult task Low ability/low arousal

Question 4

What is considered to be the ideal in terms of temperature and humidity ?

Select one:

a. Temperature 20 C Humidity (RH)20 - 40 %
b. Temperature 15 C Humidity (RH)10 - 30 %
c. Temperature 20 C Humidity (RH)40 - 60 %
d. Temperature 15 C Humidity (RH)40 - 60 %

Answer 4

c. Temperature 20 C Humidity (RH)40 - 60 %

Question 5

What shape is the Yerkes-Dodson Curve, which compares arousal with performance levels ?

Select one:

a. Inverted U
b. Inverted N
c. Inverted C
d. Inverted L

Answer 5

a. Inverted U

Question 6

Why is it important that the difficulty of a task is not too great ?

Select one:

a. Very difficult tasks enhance the performance level greatly due to the lower level of arousal
b. Very difficult tasks reduce the performance level greatly due to the higher level of arousal
c. Very difficult tasks should never be attempted
d. Very difficult tasks always result in danger

Answer 6

b. Very difficult tasks reduce the performance level greatly due to the higher level of arousal

Question 7

What are the 3 short term stress-coping strategies ?

Select one:

a. Action coping Corrugated coping System directed coping
b. Smoking Drinking Belief
c. Councelling Relaxation Health and fitness
d. Action coping Cognitive coping symptom directed coping

Answer 7

d. Action coping Cognitive coping symptom directed coping

Question 8

From the following list select the option that causes the greatest stress ?

Select one:

a. Sexual problems
b. Change of address
c. Loss of a job
d. Divorce

Answer 8

d. Divorce

Question 9

What is chronic stress ?

Select one:

a. Stress that builds up very, very quickly
b. Stress that involved the blood
c. Stress that causes speech defects
d. Stress that builds up over time

Answer 9

d. Stress that builds up over time

Question 10

Which of the options fits stress underload ?

Select one:

a. Long cruise, poor weather
b. Long cruise, good weather
c. Short cruise, poor weather
d. Short cruise, good weather

Answer 10

b. Long cruise, good weather

Question 11

What are the three principle classifications of external stressors ?

Select one:

a. Environmental domestic life
b. Environmental social domestic
c. Environmental domestic work
d. Environmental work frustration

Answer 11

c. Environmental domestic work

Question 12

Selye identified 3 phases in acute (sudden and unexpected) stress. What are the 3 phases ?

Select one:

a. Alarm reaction resistance exhaustion
b. Alarm reaction fight flight
c. Fight flight rest
d. Fight rest relax

Answer 12

a. Alarm reaction resistance exhaustion

Question 13

Human error/failures is a part of everyday life. There are two main types of error/failures, what are they ?

Select one:

a. Mistaken Action (active) Poor reaction
b. Large Small
c. Chain Isolated
d. Action (active) Environmental (latent)

Answer 13

d. Action (active) Environmental (latent)

Question 14

Ergonomics is the study of design. In recent years, efforts have been made to improve the functionality and readability of aircraft instruments. What instrument from the list below has been improved upon due to the dangers associated with misreading ?

Select one:

a. The VSI
b. The HSI
c. The three pointer altimeter
d. The Air Speed Indicator

Answer 14

c. The three pointer altimeter

Question 15

An unnoticed way-point error entered in an aircraft data base is an example of?

Select one:

a. Active failure/error
b. Pro-active failure/error
c. Re-active failure/error
d. Latent failure/error

Answer 15

d. Latent failure/error

Question 16

What is the final phase of the judgement concept ?

Select one:

a. Making a decision without uncertainty
b. Making a decision regardless of alternatives
c. Making no decision where uncertainty exists
d. Making a decision despite uncertainty

Answer 16

d. Making a decision despite uncertainty

Question 17

What is the main adverse effect of expectations in the perception mechanism?

Select one:

a. The attention area is enlarged, thus it will lead to an uncertainty in regard to necessary decisions
b. They always lead to routine errors
c. The unconscious mechanism of attention leads to focus on all relevant information
d. Expectations often guide the focus of attention towards a particular aspect, while possible alternates are neglected

Answer 17

d. Expectations often guide the focus of attention towards a particular aspect, while possible alternates are neglectedd. Expectations often guide the focus of attention towards a particular aspect, while possible alternates are neglected

Question 18

Episodic memory is…?

Select one:

a. Memory of events, held in the short term memory
b. Memory of information, held in the short term memory
c. Memory of events, held in the long term memory, colored by experience
d. Memory of information, held in the long term memory

Answer 18

c. Memory of events, held in the long term memory, colored by experience

Question 19

In an abnormal situation the pilot has an apparently correct explanation for the problem. The chance that he/she now ignores or devalues other relevant information, not fitting into his/her mental picture is?

Select one:

a. increasing
b. decreasing
c. not applicable with old and experienced pilots
d. the same, no matter if he/she has already made up his/her mind

Answer 19

a. increasing

Question 20

According to the basic model of information processing, sensory inputs are received by the sensory memory and are fed by various means to the working memory and a response to the stimulus is made. What happens after the response has occurred?

Select one:

a. Nothing.
b. Depends upon the type of response
c. The response is stored for future use
d. Feedback is checked by the sensory system to confirm that the correct response has been made

Answer 20

d. Feedback is checked by the sensory system to confirm that the correct response has been made

Question 21

What are the 3 different types of information stores ?

Select one:

a. Sensory stores Short term memory Long term memory
b. Sensory stores Working memory Short term memory
c. Short term memory Long term memory Semantic memory
d. Short term memory Semantic memory Episodic memory

Answer 21

a. Sensory stores Short term memory Long term memory

Question 22

Physical stimuli received by the sensory receptors may be stored for a brief period of time after the input has ceased. The visual and auditory sensory stores are lasting?

Select one:

a. Visual “ echoic memory” lasting about 0.5 to 1 second, “auditory (aural) iconic” memory lasting up to 7 seconds
b. “Auditory (aural) echoic” lasting 2 to 8 seconds, “visual iconic” lasting 0.5 to 1 second Correct
c. “Visual iconic” lasting 2 to 8 seconds, “auditory (aural) echoic” lasting 0.5 to 1 second
d. “Visual iconic” lasting 3 to 4 seconds, “auditory (aural) echoic” lasting 6 to 8 seconds

Answer 22

b. “Auditory (aural) echoic” lasting 2 to 8 seconds, “visual iconic” lasting 0.5 to 1 second Correct

Question 23

What are the main consequences of latent errors? They:

1: remain undetected in the system for a certain length of time.
2: may only manifest themselves under certain conditions.
3: are quickly detectable by the front-line operator whose mental schemas on the instantaneous situation filter out formal errors.
4: lull the pilots into security.

The combination regrouping the correct statement is:

Select one:

a. 1,2 and 4
b. 1 and 2
c. 1 and 3
d. 2,3 and 4

Answer 23

a. 1,2 and 4

Question 24

How can the memory of the working memory be increased ?

Select one:

a. Repetition and chunking
b. Key facts and mnemonics
c. Chunking and mnemonics
d. Repetition and key facts

Answer 24

c. Chunking and mnemonics

Question 25

The best method to avoid Confirmation Bias is to?

Select one:

a. Search for information that will falsify the hypothesis
b. Deliberately confirm that the receiver has understood the information that has been passed to him/her
c. Double-check that you have not fitted the ground over which you are passing to your map
d. Precise and careful pre-flight briefings

Answer 25

a. Search for information that will falsify the hypothesis

Question 26

If one error is allow to effect a whole system, the system is described as?

Select one:

a. Corrupted
b. Error-prone
c. Error tolerant
d. Vulnerable

Answer 26

d. Vulnerable

Question 27

Name the most common problem with the long term memory and how to counteract it?

Select one:

a. Unless an item is recalled regularly, it becomes more and more difficult to retrieve from the long term memory store.
b. Any item can be recalled from the long term memory with ease as long as it has been correctly stored
c. Facts can be stored in the episodic memory instead of semantic memory. Careful attention in learning will counteract this error
d. Recent events can become muddled in the long term memory. Careful attention to detail will ensure an accurate memory

Answer 27

a. Unless an item is recalled regularly, it becomes more and more difficult to retrieve from the long term memory store.

Question 28

In the decision-making process, confirmation bias results in?

Select one:

a. overestimating the frequency of some events
b. a tendency to look for information which confirms the validity of the decision
c. choosing familiar solutions, even if they are not the best ones
d. a tendency to look for approval by other crew-members, or by the ATC

Answer 28

b. a tendency to look for information which confirms the validity of the decision

Question 29

Question 17 SAT07

Answer 29

IKKE lavet

Question 30

SMCR model (communication)

Answer 30

David Berlo

Source
Message
Channel
Receiver