HPL PRT02 Flashcards
It is normally considered that the most serious stressor is?
Select one:
a. Personal injury or illness
b. Death of a spouse or partner
c. Martial separation
d. Loss of a job
b. Death of a spouse or partner
What level of the vibration interferes with breathing ?
Select one:
a. 1 - 4 Hz
b. 4 - 10 Hz
c. 8 - 12 Hz
d. 10 - 20 Hz
a. 1 - 4 Hz
Which perceptions below would lead to the greatest level of stress ?
Select one:
a. Difficult task Low ability/low arousal
b. Difficult task High ability/high arousal
c. Easy task Low ability/low arousal
d. Easy task High ability/high arousal
a. Difficult task Low ability/low arousal
What is considered to be the ideal in terms of temperature and humidity ?
Select one:
a. Temperature 20 C Humidity (RH)20 - 40 %
b. Temperature 15 C Humidity (RH)10 - 30 %
c. Temperature 20 C Humidity (RH)40 - 60 %
d. Temperature 15 C Humidity (RH)40 - 60 %
c. Temperature 20 C Humidity (RH)40 - 60 %
What shape is the Yerkes-Dodson Curve, which compares arousal with performance levels ?
Select one:
a. Inverted U
b. Inverted N
c. Inverted C
d. Inverted L
a. Inverted U
Why is it important that the difficulty of a task is not too great ?
Select one:
a. Very difficult tasks enhance the performance level greatly due to the lower level of arousal
b. Very difficult tasks reduce the performance level greatly due to the higher level of arousal
c. Very difficult tasks should never be attempted
d. Very difficult tasks always result in danger
b. Very difficult tasks reduce the performance level greatly due to the higher level of arousal
What are the 3 short term stress-coping strategies ?
Select one:
a. Action coping Corrugated coping System directed coping
b. Smoking Drinking Belief
c. Councelling Relaxation Health and fitness
d. Action coping Cognitive coping symptom directed coping
d. Action coping Cognitive coping symptom directed coping
From the following list select the option that causes the greatest stress ?
Select one:
a. Sexual problems
b. Change of address
c. Loss of a job
d. Divorce
d. Divorce
What is chronic stress ?
Select one:
a. Stress that builds up very, very quickly
b. Stress that involved the blood
c. Stress that causes speech defects
d. Stress that builds up over time
d. Stress that builds up over time
Which of the options fits stress underload ?
Select one:
a. Long cruise, poor weather
b. Long cruise, good weather
c. Short cruise, poor weather
d. Short cruise, good weather
b. Long cruise, good weather
What are the three principle classifications of external stressors ?
Select one:
a. Environmental domestic life
b. Environmental social domestic
c. Environmental domestic work
d. Environmental work frustration
c. Environmental domestic work
Selye identified 3 phases in acute (sudden and unexpected) stress. What are the 3 phases ?
Select one:
a. Alarm reaction resistance exhaustion
b. Alarm reaction fight flight
c. Fight flight rest
d. Fight rest relax
a. Alarm reaction resistance exhaustion
Human error/failures is a part of everyday life. There are two main types of error/failures, what are they ?
Select one:
a. Mistaken Action (active) Poor reaction
b. Large Small
c. Chain Isolated
d. Action (active) Environmental (latent)
d. Action (active) Environmental (latent)
Ergonomics is the study of design. In recent years, efforts have been made to improve the functionality and readability of aircraft instruments. What instrument from the list below has been improved upon due to the dangers associated with misreading ?
Select one:
a. The VSI
b. The HSI
c. The three pointer altimeter
d. The Air Speed Indicator
c. The three pointer altimeter
An unnoticed way-point error entered in an aircraft data base is an example of?
Select one:
a. Active failure/error
b. Pro-active failure/error
c. Re-active failure/error
d. Latent failure/error
d. Latent failure/error
What is the final phase of the judgement concept ?
Select one:
a. Making a decision without uncertainty
b. Making a decision regardless of alternatives
c. Making no decision where uncertainty exists
d. Making a decision despite uncertainty
d. Making a decision despite uncertainty
What is the main adverse effect of expectations in the perception mechanism?
Select one:
a. The attention area is enlarged, thus it will lead to an uncertainty in regard to necessary decisions
b. They always lead to routine errors
c. The unconscious mechanism of attention leads to focus on all relevant information
d. Expectations often guide the focus of attention towards a particular aspect, while possible alternates are neglected
d. Expectations often guide the focus of attention towards a particular aspect, while possible alternates are neglectedd. Expectations often guide the focus of attention towards a particular aspect, while possible alternates are neglected
Episodic memory is…?
Select one:
a. Memory of events, held in the short term memory
b. Memory of information, held in the short term memory
c. Memory of events, held in the long term memory, colored by experience
d. Memory of information, held in the long term memory
c. Memory of events, held in the long term memory, colored by experience
In an abnormal situation the pilot has an apparently correct explanation for the problem. The chance that he/she now ignores or devalues other relevant information, not fitting into his/her mental picture is?
Select one:
a. increasing
b. decreasing
c. not applicable with old and experienced pilots
d. the same, no matter if he/she has already made up his/her mind
a. increasing
According to the basic model of information processing, sensory inputs are received by the sensory memory and are fed by various means to the working memory and a response to the stimulus is made. What happens after the response has occurred?
Select one:
a. Nothing.
b. Depends upon the type of response
c. The response is stored for future use
d. Feedback is checked by the sensory system to confirm that the correct response has been made
d. Feedback is checked by the sensory system to confirm that the correct response has been made
What are the 3 different types of information stores ?
Select one:
a. Sensory stores Short term memory Long term memory
b. Sensory stores Working memory Short term memory
c. Short term memory Long term memory Semantic memory
d. Short term memory Semantic memory Episodic memory
a. Sensory stores Short term memory Long term memory
Physical stimuli received by the sensory receptors may be stored for a brief period of time after the input has ceased. The visual and auditory sensory stores are lasting?
Select one:
a. Visual “ echoic memory” lasting about 0.5 to 1 second, “auditory (aural) iconic” memory lasting up to 7 seconds
b. “Auditory (aural) echoic” lasting 2 to 8 seconds, “visual iconic” lasting 0.5 to 1 second Correct
c. “Visual iconic” lasting 2 to 8 seconds, “auditory (aural) echoic” lasting 0.5 to 1 second
d. “Visual iconic” lasting 3 to 4 seconds, “auditory (aural) echoic” lasting 6 to 8 seconds
b. “Auditory (aural) echoic” lasting 2 to 8 seconds, “visual iconic” lasting 0.5 to 1 second Correct
What are the main consequences of latent errors? They:
1: remain undetected in the system for a certain length of time.
2: may only manifest themselves under certain conditions.
3: are quickly detectable by the front-line operator whose mental schemas on the instantaneous situation filter out formal errors.
4: lull the pilots into security.
The combination regrouping the correct statement is:
Select one:
a. 1,2 and 4
b. 1 and 2
c. 1 and 3
d. 2,3 and 4
a. 1,2 and 4
How can the memory of the working memory be increased ?
Select one:
a. Repetition and chunking
b. Key facts and mnemonics
c. Chunking and mnemonics
d. Repetition and key facts
c. Chunking and mnemonics
The best method to avoid Confirmation Bias is to?
Select one:
a. Search for information that will falsify the hypothesis
b. Deliberately confirm that the receiver has understood the information that has been passed to him/her
c. Double-check that you have not fitted the ground over which you are passing to your map
d. Precise and careful pre-flight briefings
a. Search for information that will falsify the hypothesis
If one error is allow to effect a whole system, the system is described as?
Select one:
a. Corrupted
b. Error-prone
c. Error tolerant
d. Vulnerable
d. Vulnerable
Name the most common problem with the long term memory and how to counteract it?
Select one:
a. Unless an item is recalled regularly, it becomes more and more difficult to retrieve from the long term memory store.
b. Any item can be recalled from the long term memory with ease as long as it has been correctly stored
c. Facts can be stored in the episodic memory instead of semantic memory. Careful attention in learning will counteract this error
d. Recent events can become muddled in the long term memory. Careful attention to detail will ensure an accurate memory
a. Unless an item is recalled regularly, it becomes more and more difficult to retrieve from the long term memory store.
In the decision-making process, confirmation bias results in?
Select one:
a. overestimating the frequency of some events
b. a tendency to look for information which confirms the validity of the decision
c. choosing familiar solutions, even if they are not the best ones
d. a tendency to look for approval by other crew-members, or by the ATC
b. a tendency to look for information which confirms the validity of the decision
Question 17 SAT07
IKKE lavet
SMCR model (communication)
David Berlo
Source
Message
Channel
Receiver
