How united was Italy come 1871?

Question 1

What promoted nationalism in 1871?

Answer 1

Monarchy
Army
Civil Service
Local Government

Question 2

How was monarchy a source of pride?

Answer 2

greater emphasis on parliament than monarchy (king needed support of p’ment to increase taxes)

Question 3

How was the army a source of pride?

Answer 3

Made intentionally large to ensure Italy respected by the great powers
1/4 of national expenditure
215,000 soldiers, 2,000,000 reserves

Question 4

How did the civil service promote unity?

Answer 4

Ran country’s economy/finances/education
Civil service jobs went to veterans from the wars of Italian independence (patrioti)
Government in ROME

Question 5

How was local government crucial to unity?

Answer 5

Italy into 59 provinces each with a prefect

CARABINIERI (police force) 25,000 strong

Question 6

What restricted unity in Italy come 1871?

Answer 6

DIER
DIsunity
Economic/social conditions
Roman Catholicism/papal opposition

Question 7

How was their political disunity in Italy?

Answer 7

Only 2.2% formed electorate
1870 uprising in Pavia
Italian IRREDENTISM (Trentino, Trieste)

Question 8

How was the socioeconomic situation promoting disunity?

Answer 8

lack of skilled labour hampered southern economy
lack of water in the south
removal of tariffs (collapse of southern silk industry)
higher taxation - 1865 Flour, 1868 Grist
infant mortality - 50% died before 5th birthday
emigration 120,000 to South America/USA

Question 9

How was papal opposition damaging to unity?

Answer 9

church humiliated after 1870 defeat in Rome
‘a prisoner of the Vatican’ - didn’t accept
Catholics refuse to participate politically