How And Why Do Places Vary Flashcards
what are some reasons and ways places vary?
- economic activity and job type varies from place to place
- over time, economic and population characteristics of places change either national or local for different reasons
- people and places are influenced by global change which effects lives of people living in the area like students
-an abundance of the flow of people, capital information and resources can make places become economically wealthy whilst other places are marginalised.
what are the five economy sectors?
- primary: extracting material (farming, mining)
- secondary: manufacturing that material (manufacturing industries like Audi)
- tertiary: service sector (office work or teachers)
- quaternary sector : information based and skill required (scientific researcher, ICT)
- Quinary: knowledge management, consultancy leaderships and CEO’s
what is meant by gross value added (GVA)
a measure of economic output; it is the value of goods and services produced per person.
what is meant by the quality of life?
a composite measure that combines housing, average income, crime rates and life expectancy to rank certain regions.
what are some ways we can spot the economic function of an area?
land use of rural and urban areas:
- administrative functions: council offices, schools, public services like hospitals and clinics
- commercial: offices of service industries such as legal services, accountants.
- retail: shops ranging in size
- industrial: factories, warehouses, and distribution centres.
what are some examples of how towns and cities in the UK have a mix of functions which change over time due to economic health?
Middlesborough: industrial land use has declines since the 1970’s due to factory closure
Reading: commercial functions have grown due to success of area’s service sector.
what is meant by the Ethnic composition of an area?
the ethnic groups that make up a population. In the UK, the main ethnic groups are white, Asian and black. Ethnicity is different from nationality (country of origin).
what are meant by Green Belts
land surrounding cities that cannot be built on, usually farmland. Development sometimes ‘leap frogs’ the greenbelt thus benefitting places just beyond the greenbelt edge.
how can images of places affect the people living there?
> young people may feel they want to leave a place with a poor image
people are attracted to places with a positive image
there are likely to be more job opportunities for places with attractive images, because companies, like people, are attracted to them.
how can economic activity be analysed?
through using employment data and output data (GVA)
differences in economic activity occur from variations in what factors?
social factors such as: health life expectancy education levels which all determine a persons ability to work.
what is meant by gentrification?
the process of renovating a place to make it more attractive to the middle class and business world.
what are some factors that influence a place to change?
- physical factors (location and land-use
- accessibility and connectedness (HS2- high speed rail connecting London to Birmingham and to Manchester and Leeds
- historical development (past events influencing the image or purpose of it now)
- role of local/national planning (Cornwall eden project changes area to more tourist attraction.)
how can the factors of change be measured?
-employment trends
-demographic changes
-land use changes
-levels of deprivation
useful sources include area reports or census data released by the local council
how can deprivation be measured?
index of multiple deprivation
takes into account income, health deprivation, crime, quality of life, environment and abandoned/derelict land.
