Horney

Question 1

What/who shapes personality?

Answer 1

SOCIETY –> not just parents/family

Question 2

Where does insecurity come from?

Answer 2

-from being punished for expressing biological drives – particular, hostility (specifically, women are socialized to not be permitted to express hostility and anger)
-________/symptoms depend on restrictive societal rules

Question 3

What does punishment lead to?

Answer 3

VICIOUS CYCLE: increased hostility in the individual being punished –> leads to the individual being punished again –> leads to anxiety
-most ppl repress hostility out of fear of punishment –> if you start to feel hostile/angry, that feels threatening to you, so you have to do something to not feel that –> anxiety is a signal for repression

Question 4

What triggers our desire for love and security?

Answer 4

Childhood anxiety, caused by a sense of helplessness/dependence

Question 5

pathology (Horney)

Answer 5

=ways of escaping anxiety:
o Become very compliant in attempts to get affection
o Or aggressive – strive for power
o Become rigid and indecisive - don’t make decisions
-not a disease –> inadequate relation with others/can’t connect well to people

Question 6

view of health

Answer 6

Spontaneity and good relations with others. Ultimately, the ability to be yourself/not repress, and to express affection toward others.

Question 7

approach to therapy

Answer 7

rational approach –> increase client’s self-esteem and self-acceptance through:
-substitute parenting
-client accepting hostility and anger as natural qualities
-client having healthy, mutually satisfying relationships with others

Question 8

substitute parenting

Answer 8

receiving affection from your therapist that you did not get from your parents