Hormones In Human Reproduction

Question 1

What is the name of the entrance to the uterus?

Answer 1

Cervix

Question 2

What is the name of the tube that links the ovaries to the uterus?

Answer 2

Oviduct

Question 3

What does FSH do and where is released from?

Answer 3

Stimulate oestrogen release
Matures the egg

Pituatary gland

Question 4

What does oesteogen do and where is released from?

Answer 4

Uterus lining thickens
Inhibits FSH release
Stimulates LH release

Ovaries

Question 5

What does LH do and where is released from?

Answer 5

Ovulation (monthly release of an egg

Question 6

What is the best time to get pregnant?

Answer 6

Day 14

Question 7

What does progesterone do and where is released from?

Answer 7

Inhibits LH+FSH release
Maintains the lining of the uterus so embryo can develop
Mucus thickens in the cirvix to prevent infection occurring and sperm gaining further entry

Empty egg follicle

Question 8

What happens if there is no fertilisation by day 28?

Answer 8

Unfertilised egg passes out of the uterus and the vagina, along with uterus lining, which starts to break down as progesterone cease to be released

Question 9

When does a girl undergo menstruation?

Answer 9

Day 7

Question 10

How does combined pill + patch help contraception and what are side effects?

Answer 10

Oestrogen inhibits FSH causing the egg to not mature.

Progesterone inhibits FSH and LH so no egg is released

It has to be taken every day

High blood pressure higher chance of breast cancer

Question 11

How does combined pill with progesterone only help contraception and how is it different form combined pill and patch

Answer 11

Pill, injection and implant contain progesterone only having fewer side effects as a result

Question 12

How does combined spermicide hell contraception?

Answer 12

Chemical that destroys sperm and offers some protection

Question 13

How do condoms help contraception and stop STD?

Answer 13

If they do not tear, they prevent pregnancy as well as stop the transfer of a number of sexually transmitted disease

Question 14

How do intra-uterine devices help contraception and how long do they last?

Answer 14

Implanted by doctors, they also release progesterone to help block the cervix with thicker Mucus
Lasts 2-5 years

Question 15

How does sterilising help contraception?

Answer 15

Male=have sperm ducks tied or severed in vasectomy
Female=the same

Procedure requires general anesthetic

Question 16

What is a way to treat infertility when there is problems with the pituatary gland?

Answer 16

Fertility drugs (FSH and LH)

Question 17

What is the treatment for when oviduct is blocked?

Answer 17

Fertility drugs

Eggs are collected

Mixed with sperm in a dish outside the body in laboratory

If fertilisation occurs it is referred to in vitro fertilisation (outside the body)

Fertilised eggs are then incubated

1 to 3 of resulting embryos are syringed into the uterus

Question 18

What are advantages and disadvantes of IVF?

Answer 18

Advatnages=have children, egg stored (e.g for after cancer treatment), spare unused embryos can be donated and used in research

Disadvantage=expensive, limited success rate affected by age, physically+mentally draining, IVF also leads to multiple births, putting strains on babies and mother, increasing risk of still and premature births