Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Biology GCSE > Hormones > Flashcards

Hormones Flashcards

1
Q

What hormone is produced in males to start puberty?

A

Testosterone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What hormone is produced in females to start puberty?

A

Oestrogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What 4 hormones is the menstrual cycle controlled by?

A

FSH (Follicle-Stimulating Hormone)
Oestrogen
Progesterone
LH (Luteinising Hormone)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Where is FSH produced?

A

Pituitary gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What does FSH do?

A

It causes an egg to mature in one of the ovaries in a follicle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What hormone stimulates the ovaries to produce oestrogen?

A

FSH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Which hormone does FSH stimulate the production of?

A

Oestrogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Where is Oestrogen produced?

A

In the ovaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What does Oestrogen do?

A

It causes the lining of the uterus to grow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What hormone stimulates the release of LSH and inhibits the release of FSH?

A

Oestrogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which hormone does Oestrogen stimulate the production of?

A

LH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Which hormone does Oestrogen inhibit the production of?

A

FSH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is LH produced by?

A

The pituitary gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What does LH do?

A

It stimulates the release of an egg - ovulation - at day 14

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Where is Progesterone produced?

A

In the ovaries by the remains of the follicle after ovulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What does Progesterone do?

A

It maintains the lining of the uterus during the second half of the cycle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What happens when the level of progesterone falls?

A

The lining of the uterus breaks down

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Which hormone inhibits the release of LH and FSH?

A

Progesterone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Which hormones does Progesterone inhibit the production of?

A

LH and FSH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is stage 1 of the menstrual cycle?

A

The breakdown of the uterus lining

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

How long does the breakdown of the uterus lining last?

A

4 or 5 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is stage 2 of the menstrual cycle?

A

The uterus lining building up into a thick spongy layer full of blood vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Which hormones are involved during the 2nd stage of the menstrual cycle (when uterus lining builds up)?

A

FSH released

Oestrogen produced

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is the third stage of the menstrual cycle?

A

Ovulation - an egg released from the ovaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What are the hormone levels during ovulation?
Oestrogen inhibits the release of FSH and stimulates LH | LH at its highest
26
What is stage 4 of the menstrual cycle?
The uterus lining is maintained
27
What happens when the egg doesn't become fertilised in the menstrual cycle?
The lining begins to break down
28
What are the hormone levels during the last stage of the menstrual cycle (maintaining uterus lining)?
Levels of LH, FSH and Oestrogen decrease | Progesterone maintains the lining
29
How can oestrogen control fertility?
It can prevent the release of an egg by inhibiting the production of FSH
30
How can progesterone control fertility?
It can prevent the maturing and release of an egg by inhibiting the production of FSH and LH
31
Which hormones can be used to reduce fertility?
Oestrogen and/or Progesterone
32
What hormones does the pill contain?
Oestrogen and Progesterone
33
What does the contraceptive patch contain?
Oestrogen and Progesterone
34
What does a contraceptive implant do? What does this do?
It continuously releases progesterone Stops ovaries releasing eggs, makes it harder for sperm to swim to the egg, stops any fertilised egg implanting in the uterus
35
What does the contraceptive injection contain?
Progesterone
36
What is an Intrauterine Device and what does it do?
It is a T-shaped device inserted inside the uterus | It kills sperm and prevents the implantation of a fertilised egg
37
What are the barrier methods of contraception?
Condoms | Diaphragms
38
What is meant by Sterilisation?
Cutting or tying the fallopian tubes in a female or the sperm duct in a male
39
What are Natural Methods of contraception?
Avoiding intercourse when the woman is most fertile
40
What can be given to women who have very low levels of FSH?
Fertility drugs
41
During IVF what is done to fertilise an egg?
Sperm is injected directly into an egg
42
Where are fertilised eggs grown during IVF?
In laboratory incubators
43
How many embryos are inserted into the woman's uterus during IVF?
1 or 2
44
What are disadvantages of IVF?
Multiple births can happen The success rate is low It is physically stressful for the woman
45
Why is genetic testing done on embryos?
To check if they are healthy
46
Why are some people against IVF?
It often results in used embryos being destroyed - unethical, potential human life Genetic testing before implantation - unethical
47
What does auxin control?
It controls the growth near the tips of shoots and roots
48
Where is auxin produced?
At the tips of shoots
49
Auxin _____ growth in the shoots
Promotes
50
Auxin _____ growth in the roots
Inhibits
51
What happens if the tip of a root is removed?
There is no auxin available, so the shoot stops growing
52
Phototropism is in response to _____
Light
53
Geotropism is in response to _____
Gravity
54
What is positive phototropism?
Growth towards sunlight
55
Where is positive phototropism in the plant?
In the shoots
56
What is negative geotropism?
Growth upwards (away from gravity)
57
What is positive geotropism?
Growth downwards (towards gravity)
58
Where is negative geotropism in the plant?
In the shoots
59
Where is positive geotropism in the plant?
In the roots
60
What happens to the auxin when a shoot tip is exposed to sunlight?
It moves to the more shaded side
61
Why does auxin move to the more shaded side?
To make cells elongate faster in the shaded side, meaning the shoot bends towards the light
62
When a shoot is growing sideways, where is most of the auxin and why?
There is more on the lower side because of gravity
63
What happens when most auxin is on the lower side of a shoot?
The lower side grows faster causing the shoot to bend upwards
64
When a root is growing sideways, where is most of the auxin and why?
There is more on the lower side because of gravity
65
What happens when most auxin is on the lower side of a root?
Cells on the top elongate faster, causing the root to bend downwards
66
What is auxin used for?
Weed killers Rooting powders Tissue culture
67
How do week killers work?
They disrupt the normal growth patterns of specific plants, killing them
68
What can rooting powders be used for?
To produce roots rapidly and grow new plants
69
How can tissue culture be used?
It can be added to a growth medium to stimulate the cells to divide and form roots and shoots
70
What does gibberellin do?
It stimulates seed germination, stem growth and flowering
71
What is gibberellin used for?
Controlling dormancy Inducing flowering Producing larger fruit
72
How does gibberellin control dormancy?
It makes plants germinate at times of the year they normally wouldn't have done so
73
How does gibberellin induce flowering?
When treated with gibberellin, flowers will flower and bigger flowers are grown
74
What does ethene do to plants?
It influences growth by controlling cell division and stimulates enzymes - causes fruit to ripen
75
How id ethene used commercially?
To speed up the ripening of fruit | To delay the ripening of fruit while in storage
76
How is ethene added to plants?
As a gas

Biology GCSE (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions