Bioenergetics Flashcards
During photosynthesis energy is changes to change _______ _____ and _____ into ______ and ______
Carbon dioxide
Water
Glucose
Oxygen
Where does photosynthesis take place?
In chloroplasts
How is energy transferred to the chloroplasts from the environment?
By light
Is photosynthesis endothermic or exothermic?
Endothermic
Uses of glucose:
Respiration Making cellulose Making amino acids Stored as fats and oils Stored as starch
How is glucose used in respiration?
Energy is transferred from glucose
What is cellulose used for?
It is used to make plant cell walls
How is glucose used to make amino acids?
It is combined with nitrate ions to make amino acids
How and where is glucose stored as oils or fats?
It is turned into lipids for storing in seeds
Where is starch stored in plants?
In roots, stems and leaves
When is starch used?
When photosynthesis isn’t happening
What factors affect the rate of photosynthesis?
Light Intensity
Temperature
CO2 concentration
How can chlorophyll be a limiting factor of photosynthesis?
If damaged, they can’t absorb as much light, meaning the rate of photosynthesis is reduced
What happens to the rate of photosynthesis as the light level increases?
The rate increases, but only up to a certain point
Why won’t the increase of light intensity not make a difference to the rate of photosynthesis beyond the POINT?
Because light is no longer the limiting factor
What happens to the rate of photosynthesis as the CO2 level increases?
The rate increases, but only up to a certain point
Why won’t the increase of the concentration of CO2 not make a difference to the rate of photosynthesis beyond the POINT?
Because the CO2 level is no longer the limiting factor
What happens if the temperature becomes too high during photosynthesis?
The enzymes needed will become damaged
When is the rate of reaction highest (temp)?
When at optimum temperature
How do greenhouses make sure that the temperature doesn’t become too limiting?
It traps the Sun’s heat
What can be added to the soil to provide all the minerals needed?
Fertilisers
What is respiration?
The process of transferring energy from glucose
Is respiration endothermic or exothermic?
Exothermic
Why might organisms use energy from respiration?
To build up bigger molecules
To allow the muscles to contracts
To keep their body temperature steady
