Hormones Flashcards
DOC obesity
Liraglutide
CHF is a complication of which DPP4 inhibitor
Saxagliptin
Risk of hepatitis is increased with which DPP4 inhibitor
Vildagliptin
Only gliptin that is excreted through liver and not kidney
Linagliptin
Name the amylin analogue
Pramlintide
Which drugs can be used in both type one and type two diabetes mellitus?
Pramlintide and insulin
Only insulin which is milky cloudy white
Isophane
Insulin which has acid pH
Glargine
Insulin which forms white crystals with other insulin in same syringe
Glargine
Longest acting insulin
Degludec
The only insulin for which rate of absorption does not depend on the site of injection is
Glargine
Most common site for injection of insulin
Abdomen
Drug of choice for diabetic ketoacidosis and route
IV regular insulin
Sulfonylurea of choice in elder
Glipizide
Pioglitazone decreased insulin resistance by acting on which tissue?
By acting on adipose tissue
Side effects of metformin
B12 deficiency due to decreased calcium dependent b 12 absorption
LACTIC ACIDOSIS
C/I of Metformin
CHF
Severe lung disease
Renal failure
Hepatic failure
Chronic alcoholics
Drugs causing weight loss
GLP1 agonists
Metformin
SGLT2 #
Amylin analogues
Which classes of anti diabetic drugs reduce CVS mortality?
GLP1 agonists and SGLT2 #
GLP2 agonists name
Teduglutide
Most potent steroids
Dexamethasone and betamethasone
Least potent steroid
Hydrocortisone
Longest acting glucocorticoids
Dexamethasone and betamethasone
Shortest acting steroid
Hydrocortisone
Most potent topical steroid
Clobetasol propionate ointment
Steroids are used in pregnancy for
Surfactant maturation
Mechanism of anti-inflammatory and immuno suppressive action of steroids
Decrease the production of inflammatory mediators like I L1 , IL6and TNF alpha
Increase production of anti-inflammatory mediators like I 10 and annexin1
Lymphocyte apoptosis as well as cause re-distribution of lymphocytes
Only drug to decrease mortality in Covid
Steroids
Infections in which steroids can be used
H. Influenza, meningitis, Covid pneumonia.
Which drug inhibits bone resorption and stimulates bone formation at the same time?
Strontium ranelate
Drugs that stimulate bone formation
Teriparatide, abolaparatide, romosozumab
Most potent bisphosphonate
Zoledronate
Mechanism of action of second and third generation bisphosphonates
Block Farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase which is required in mevalonate pathway, leading to apoptosis of osteoclasts
Mechanism of action of first generation base phosphonates
Abnormal ATP production which cannot be used by osteoclasts leading to the apoptosis
What is the advice given to patients on bisphosphonates ?
To prevent esophagitis, patient is advised to take the drug with a full glass of water and not lie down for 30 minutes
The same advice is given for patients taking tetracycline
Anti sclerostin antibody name
Romosozumab
Fastest acting, anti thyroid drugs
Iodide
